欧安组织的危机管理——以吉尔吉斯斯坦2010危机为例.pdfVIP

论文摘要 后冷战时期，危机为世界和平与安全带来了诸多不稳定因素，为了减少危机 给人类社会发展所造成的伤害和损失，危机管理逐渐成为国际关系中非常重要的 一个内容。半个世纪以来，危机管理经历了从危机应对到危机预防，再到全面的 危机管理。危机管理的主体也不断扩大，在这其中，国际组织在危机管理的过程 中发挥着重要角色。 欧洲安全与合作组织成立于冷战期间，在冷战结束后，随着国际形势的变化， 欧安组织开始进行职能转型，将其工作重点放在早期预警、冲突预防、危机处理 和冲突后重建这四个方面。2010 年，吉尔吉斯斯坦国内先后爆发四月政变和六 月民族骚乱，欧安组织在国际社会的支持下，出面进行危机管理。在危机发展的 不同阶段，欧安组织制定了不同的措施，缓解吉国的冲突局面，取得了一定的成 效，避免了大规模内战爆发，基本上确保了吉国国内政治秩序稳定。 本文将从危机管理的相关概念以及欧安组织的职能转变入手，分析吉国2010 年危机的发展阶段及其背后隐藏的矛盾因素，梳理欧安组织在吉国危机的不同阶 段所采取的行动和举措，最后对欧安组织本次在吉国进行的危机管理效果进行评 估，总结此次危机管理的影响和效用，以及欧安组织危机管理未来的发展方向。 关键词：欧安组织 吉尔吉斯斯坦 危机管理 i Abstract Crisis has brought a lot of uncertainties to world peace and security in the post-cold war age. The importance of crisis management is increasing gradually. Since half century ago, crisis management has developed from crisis response to crisis prevention, then to comprehensive crisis management. The subject of crisis management is also enlarging and among all the subjects, international organizations play an important role in crisis management. OSCE was established during the cold war. After the ending of cold war, it started a functional transition with the change of international environment. OSCE focused on earlier warning, conflict prevention, crisis management and post-conflict reconciliation and rehabilitation. In 2010, Kyrgyzstan experienced two crises in April and June. With the support of international society, OSCE got involved in crisis management in Kyrgyzstan. In the different stage of the crisis, OSCE formulated variety of strategies in order to relieve the tension in Kyrgyzstan. OSCE’s effort has achieved some positive progress which avoided the country falling into civil war as well as ensured the domestic political order in Kyrgyzstan. This paper starts with the concepts of crisis management and the functional transition of OSCE. It will study