农民留种权利保护研究.pdfVIP

种业知识产权研讨会 1 暨第六届全国农业知识产权论坛 农民留种权利保护研究   李菊丹 1 宋敏 1,2 （中国农业科学院农业知识产权研究中心北京 100081） 摘 要：基于农民作为一个整体在保存、改良和提供植物遗传资源方面的贡献及其对种 植农作物的生存依赖，UPOV 公约为农民在利用和保存作物种子方面保留特定的权利。随着 生物技术在植物育种领域的广泛运用以及知识产权保护水平的不断提高，UPOV1991 将农民 留种权利改为非强制性例外，欧美等国家和地区则根据各自需要规定了不同范围的农民留种 权利，应对生物技术背景下的育种知识产权保护需求。中国充分借鉴欧美对 UPOV1991 农 民权利规定的实施经验，构建符合中国农业现实的农民留种权利保护制度。 关键词：UPOV ；品种权；农民留种权利 Study on Farmer’s Right to Save Seed Judan Li2 Min Song 1,2 (1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning 2. China Center for Intellectual Property in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081) Abstract: Affirming that the contributions of farmers as a whole in conserving, improving and making available plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, and their dependence on crops, UPOV regulates farmers should enjoy the particular right to save seed. With the wide- spread use of biotechnology in the area of plant breeding, and the improvement of intellectual property protection, UPOV1991 provides farmer‘s right to save seed as a non–compulsory exception to the breeder‘s right, USA and the European Union set different scope of farmer‘s right to save seed according to their national conditions, to satisfy intellectual property rights protection in plant breeding under the background of biotechnology. China should draw on the experiences of USA and EU on how to implement the regulation of farmer‘s right to save seed in UPOV1991, establish the protection systems o