碳纳米管纳米复合材料现状及问题分析.docVIP

碳纳米管纳米复合材料的现状及问题 [摘 要]文章介绍了碳纳米管的结构和性能，综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备方法及其聚合物结构复合材料和聚合物功能复合材料中的应用研究情况，在此基础上，分析了碳纳米管在复合材料制备过程中的纯化、分散、损伤和界面等问题，并展望了今后碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的发展趋势。 [to] picked this article introduces the structure and properties of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotube/polymer composites are reviewed in this paper the preparation methods and the structure of polymer composite materials and the application of function of polymer composite materials research situation, on this basis, the analysis of the carbon nanotubes in preparation of composite materials in the process of purification, scattered, damage and interface problems, and prospects the future development trend of the carbon nanotubes/polymer composites. [关键词]碳纳米管；复合材料；结构；性能 [key words] carbon nanotubes; Composite materials; Structure; performance 自从 1991 年日本筑波 NEC 实验室的物理学家饭岛澄男(Sumio Iijima)[1]首次报道了碳纳米管以来，其独特的原子结构与性能引起了科学工作者的极大兴趣。按石墨层数的不同碳纳米管可以 分 为单壁碳 纳 米管(SWNTs) 和多壁碳 纳 米管(MWNTs)。碳纳米管具有极高的比表面积、力学性能(碳纳米管理论上的轴向弹性模量与抗张强度分别为 1~2 TPa 和 200Gpa)、卓越的热性能与电性能(碳纳米管在真空下的耐热温度可达 2800 ℃，导热率是金刚石的 2 倍，电子载流容量是铜导线的 1000 倍)[2-7]。碳纳米管的这些特性使其在复合材料领域成为理想的填料。聚合物容易加工并可制造成结构复杂的构件，采用传统的加工方法即可将聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料加工及制造成结构复杂的构件，并且在加工过程中不会破坏碳纳米管的结构，从而降低生产成本。因此，聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料被广泛地研究。 Since 1991, tsukuba, Japan NEC LABS physicist mari says the clear male (Sumio Iijima) [1] reported for the first time since the carbon nanotube and its unique atomic structure and properties of generated much interest among the scientific workers. According to the graphite layers of different carbon nanotubes can be points of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Carbon nanotubes have high specific surface area, mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes, in theory, the axial elastic modulus and tensile strength of 1 ~ 2 TPa and 200 gpa, respectively), excellent thermal properties and electric properties, carbon nanotubes heat temperature can reach 2800 ℃ under the condition of vacuum, thermal conductivity is 2 times that of the diamond, the el