2014年秋高二英语教学课件：Unit 2 Period Ⅲ（新人教版选修8）.pptVIP

2．同位语的表现形式有以下几种： (1)名词 You girls may take seats over there. 你们姑娘们可以坐到那边。 (2)代词 He himself will do the experiment. 他将亲自做这项实验。 (3)数词 She is the oldest among them six. 她是他们六人中年纪最大的。 (4)由such as，that is引导 Some subjects，such as maths and physics，are very difficult to learn. 某些学科，例如数学和物理，是很难学的。 (5)由of引导 Mr.Smith is now living in the city of Beijing. 史密斯先生现住在北京城。 (6)由or引导 It is zoology，or the study of animals. 这是动物学，即对动物的研究。 3．特殊同位语归纳 (1)不定式用作同位语 Soon came the order to start the general attack. 很快下达了发起总攻的命令。(to start the general attack与the order同位) (2)动词-ing分词用作同位语 Hes getting a job tonight driving a truck. 他今晚得到一个开卡车的差事。(driving a truck与a job同位) The first plan，attacking at night，was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。(attacking at night与the first plan同位) (3)形容词用作同位语 The current fair，the biggest in its history，is being held in Guangzhou.目前的交易会，是有史以来规模最大的，正在广州举行。 【提示】　这类同位语与定语比较接近，可转换成定语从句。 The current fair，the biggest in its history，is being held in Guangzhou. ＝The current fair，which is the biggest in its history，is being held in Guangzhou. (4)none of us之类的结构用作同位语 We none of us said anything.我们谁也没说话。 They neither of them wanted to go. 他们两人都不想去。 【提示】　同位语并不影响其后句子谓语的“数”。 学生每人都有一本词典。 [正]The students each have a dictionary. [误]The students each has a dictionary. (5)从句用作同位语(即同位语从句) I received a message that she would be late. 我得到的信息说她可能迟到。 二、同位语从句 在复合句中用作同位语的句子叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 The belief that the company will make a great progress is shared by everyone. 每个人都相信公司会取得很大的进步。 1．可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word(消息)，possibility等。 The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。 2．同位语从句的引导词 (1)如果同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导。 There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.毫无疑问，汽车的价格会下降的。 (2)如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导，if不能引导同位语从句。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否同意的问题。 (3)如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when，where，how等引导。 I