【语法讲解】 Module 6 War and Peace第四课时 经典考点.docVIP

【语法讲解】 Module 6 War and Peace第四课时 经典考点 虚拟语气的其他情况 1、当条件状语从句的谓语部分含有had, should或were时，就将这样的词（had, should或were）搬到句首，把句子写成倒装句，而将连词if省略。 如果他们现在在这儿的话，他们会帮我们的。 If they were here now, they would help us.(自然语序) Were they here now, they would help us.（倒装句） 倒如没有发现电，现在的世界将很不方便。 If it were not for the discovery of electricity, the modern world would experience great inconvenience. (自然语序) Were it not for the discovery of electricity, the modern world would experience great inconvenience. (倒装句) 要是他再那样做，他会被立即解雇的。 If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately.(自然语序) Should he act like that again, he would be fired immediately.(倒装句) 如果你早到一会儿，你就会见到她了。 If you had come a little earlier, you would have seen her. (自然语序) Had you come a little earlier, you would have seen her. (倒装句) 【点金】如果had不是助动词而表示“有”时，是不用倒装语序的。 如果我们能抽出时间的话，我们会去看电影的。 正：If we had time to spare, we would go to see a film. 误：Had we time to spare, we would go to see a film. 2、同某些介词短语取代了if 引导的条件状语从句。 Without air, there would be no life on the earth. 要是没有空气，地球上就不会有生命了。 He would have failed but for his teacher’s timely advice. 如果没有老师及时的建议的话，他可能就失败了。 We could have done the work better in that case. 要是那样的话，我们本可以把工作干得更好一些的。 3、由上下文的交待而省略了if引导的条件状语从句。在这种情况下，上下文事实上就是一个表示违背事实的条件句。上下文如果是由一个句子连接的，那么这个取代了if 条件状语从句的句子应该用陈述语气；而起主句作用的句子则要用虚拟语气。 He would have come to see you yesterday morning but he had an important meeting to attend. 他昨天上午本该来看你的，可他有个重要的会议要参加。（本句省略的条件句为If he hadn’t had an important meeting to attend, 意为“如果他昨天上午没有参加会议的话”） I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in your birthday party. 我那天生病了，否则我就去参加你的生日聚会了。（本句省略的条件句为If I hadn’t been ill that day,意为“如果那天我没生病的话”） 4、有时虚拟条件句也可以省去从句。 Such mistakes could have been avoided （if we had been more careful ）.这样的错误本来就是可以避免的。 5、有时虚拟表现句不是用一个从句表达出来的，而只是暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。这种句子大体有如下三种情况。 ①条件暗含在一个介词短语中。 We could have succeeded with every effort. 要是尽力，我们本来是能够成功的。 ②条件暗含在由or, otherwise, but 表示的含蓄条件句中。 It was raining hard yesterday, or we would have held our school sp