【语法讲解】 Module 6War and Peace虚拟语气.docVIP

【语法讲解】 Module 6War and Peace虚拟语气 虚拟语气的非真实条件句用法 在if引导的非真实条件句中, 谓语动词有以下三种形式: 虚拟情况 从句谓语 主句谓语 与现在事实相反 过去式(were, did) would(should, could, might)+动词原形 与将来事实可能相反 过去式 were to do should do would(should, could, might)+动词原形 与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词 如:If I were in your position I would marry her. (现在) I would certainly go if I had time. （现在） If I had set off a little earlier, I would have caught the train. (过去) If you had come here, you would have seen him. (过去) If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved. (将来) 值得注意的是: 含蓄条件句:有时条件句并非由if来引导, 而是由or, otherwise, with, without, but for等词来引导。如: But for your help, I couldn’t have succeeded. 倒装条件句:如果省略if, 则要用倒装语序。如: Had I had time last week, I would have gone to Beijing. (=If I had had time last week, I would have gone to Beijing.) Were she to leave today, she could arrive next Monday. (=If she were to leave today, she could arrive next Monday.) 混合时间句:从句和主句的动作不是发生在同一时间, 这时候应该视实际情况来选择合适的时态。如: If you had studied hard before, you could know the answer now. (从句发生在过去, 主句发生在现在) 虚实错综句:同一句子中, 既有虚拟语气, 又有陈述语气, 这时应该分开对待。如: Einstein could have been very rich, but he cared little for money. (前句是虚拟语气, 后句是陈述语气) 【文献资料】