考研语法体系.pptVIP

考研语法体系 PARTS OF SPEECH NOUNS Person Place Thing Idea PRONOUNS A word used in place of a noun Personal (人称代词） Possessive （物主代词） Indicative （指示代词） Relative （关系代词） reflexive （反身代词） reciprocal pronoun （相互代词each other） interrogative pronoun (疑问代词） Indefinite pronoun （不定代词） Action Verbs Adjectives Describe a noun or pron. Adverbs Prepositions CONJUNCTIONS Coordinate conj Subordinate conj. The beautiful queen was walking slowly art. adj. n. v. adv. on the cool lawn, and she was reading a prep. art. adj. n. conj. pron. v. v. art. long book about knights and kings which adj. n. prep. n. conj. n. relative pron. she enjoyed. pron. v. * English Grammar Linking Verbs SHINING BRIGHTLY IN FRONT OF the cow YIKES! 呀！ WATER AND ROCKS English Sentences 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 （ S + Vi ） 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语 ( S + Vt + O) 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 表 (S + LV + predicative) 主语＋双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt +O.indir+O. dir) 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋宾语 ＋宾语补语 (S + Vt. + O + O. compl) There + be / stand/ lie / live... 简单句的五种基本句型 主语、动词（不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成份。 完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成份，至多4个。 noun adj. / adv. infinitive V-ing V-ed etc. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语 宾补 表语 宾语(间) 宾语(直) Vt V-l Vi Noun / Pronoun The + adj V-ing / Clause Infinitive Noun / Pronoun / The + adj V-ing / Clause / Infinitive be / feel / seem / look appear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keep taste / smell etc. noun pronoun adj. / adv. infinitive V-ing / V-ed clause etc. 主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语 She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 主语补语 She is happy． 主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语 She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage. There +be There lies a book on the desk. 简单句基本句型实例 附属成份 基本成份的修饰语。可以是：