我国潮滩论文：基于遥感技术的我国潮滩资源现状研究.docVIP

我国潮滩论文：基于遥感技术的我国潮滩资源现状研究 【中文摘要】围填海是海岸带空间资源开发的重要方式,更是人类向海洋寻求生存和生产空间的一种有效手段。在我国绝大部分海岸带地区,支撑围填海开发的空间资源即为潮滩。潮滩作为动态增长的后备土地资源,在我国分布广、面积大。从北部辽宁至南部广东、广西等十省市沿岸均分布有潮滩。潮滩适度围垦可形成土地,缓解人口的增长,促进沿海经济繁荣。但大规模高强度的潮滩围填已超出潮滩的自然淤长速度,造成海岸岸滩演变的逆转,导致滨海湿地生态系统的衰退和恶化。研究我国潮滩的分布特征、资源存量,可以为合理开发利用潮滩资源,确定各省市的潮滩围垦规模提供依据,最终实现潮滩资源的可持续开发。根据我国潮滩地貌单元、沉积环境等控制因素,本文将我国潮滩分为平原型和港湾型潮滩两大类。以渤海湾西北部与浙江乐清湾分别作为平原型和港湾型的典型区域,研究确定适用于平原型和港湾型潮滩资源数据获取的遥感解译技术。选取2010年潮位较低的覆盖全国潮滩范围的十三幅遥感影像,通过遥感处理技术手段,提取各研究区的海岸线和水边线,确定潮滩范围,统计资源现状,进而对不同类型岸段以及各省市潮滩资源进行统计分析,给出我国潮滩资源分布图和现状统计数据。2010年,我国潮滩资源总量为8943.407km2,平原型潮滩总计为6060.68km2,港湾型潮滩总计为2866.409km2。江苏省潮滩占我国总量的29%,其次为福建省,占全国潮滩资源总量的16%,浙江省潮滩资源总量居全国第三位。2010年围垦潮滩资源为15757.39km2。根据91-94年间中国统计年鉴,中国潮滩资源总量约为23500km2。论文从近年的滩涂围垦状况、潮滩资源统计口径、潮位等方面对2010年和91-94年的数据进行了对比分析。总体来看,我国潮滩资源有所减少,这主要与近期我国大规模潮滩围垦有关。 【英文摘要】Reclamation is an important way to expioit the coastal space resources and the effective means of human exploring living space and production space from the ocean. In most area of our country coastal line, tidal flat supports the devepoment of reclamation space resources.As dynamic growth of intertidal reserve, tidal flat in China is widely distributed, ample area. From the north to the south of Liaoning, Guangdong, Guangxi, and other ten provinces and cities (excluding Hainan) are distributed in coastal tidal flat.After appropriate reclamation activities,it is very important for many aspects, such as the cultivated land supplement, population migration and expansion of the economic development.However, After the long high strength reclamation, the scale of tidal flat reclamation has exceeded the speed of the prograding mud flat now, resulting in reversal of the evolution of coastal beaches.Above all, it is necessary to comprehensively master the distribution of the prograding mud flat,tidal volume of existing resourcesand and every coastal segment stock in every province. Based on this, it is useful to scientifically plan the reclamation and development and utilization of tidal flats resource