新生儿听力障碍影响因素调查与的研究.docVIP

新生儿听力障碍影响因素的调查与研究 乐凌1 唐世雄1 夏佳芬2 余爱萍1 李宛珍1 （ 1.宁波市第一医院，2.宁波市妇女儿童医院，浙江 宁波 315010 ） 【摘要】 目的 通过新生儿听力筛查，了解本地区新生儿听力障碍的发病率, 并对其听力障碍的影响因素进行调查与研究。 方法 利用瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）对出生三天的新生儿进行检测（初筛），未通过者于出生后42天进行第二次TEOAE检测（复筛1），仍未通过者于出生后3个月再次复筛（复筛2），可疑者同时进行脑干听觉诱发电位（ABR）的检测诊断，并对听力障碍者进行多因素的调查与研究。 结果 本组共筛查6837例新生儿中有5874例通过初筛，初筛通过率为85.92％，经ABR确诊为不同程度听力障碍者18例，发生率为0.263％，且初筛未通过例数为男性大于女性（X2=4.572，P＝0.033），左耳大于右耳（X2＝15.589，P＝0.000）。经Logistic回归分析, 最终影响听力障碍因素中仅有母亲怀孕时有流感史、胎儿脐带绕颈、出生时缺氧或窒息、出生后感冒进入回归模型。 结论 TEOAE可以作为开展大规模的新生儿听力筛查的一项常规技术方法，值得推广、应用。耳蜗对外界声刺激的反应存在着性别及左右耳的差别。影响新生儿听力障碍的相关因素可能为母亲怀孕时流感史、胎儿脐带绕颈、出生时缺氧或窒息以及出生后感冒。 【关键词】 新生儿；听力障碍；影响因素；TEOAE；ABR； Investigation of the influence factors of newborns hearing impairment LE Ling , TANG Shi - Xiong , XIA Jia - Feng , et al. Ningbo No. 1 Hospital , Zhe Jiang 315010, China [Abstract] Objective To comprehend the incidence of newborns hearing impairment, and investigate the influence factors of hearing impairment by the newborns hearing screening. Methods Inspecting the newborns after 3 days by TEOAE . The no – passed were inspected by TEOAE after 42 days , The still no – passed were inspected again after borned 3 months ，The shadiness were inspected by ABR at the same time, and the hearing impairment were inspected to find the factor. Result There are 5874 new bores that pass the investigation from 6837 newbores. The passing rate is 85.92%. There are 18 cases were diagnosed defferent degree hearning impairment by ABR, The occur rate is 0.263%. The no passed cases invesigated in the first time is male, more than female (X2=4.572, P=0.033). Left ear more than right (X2=15.589, P=0.000). Across Logistic regress analysis, at last, the influence factors of hearing impairment are only the mother pregnancy flu history, umbilical cord circleing neck, borning anoxic or asphyxia, catching cold