基于ANSYS垂直轴风力机塔架力学性能分析及优化.docVIP

基于ANSYS的垂直轴风力机塔架的力学分析及结构优化 （山东科技大学 机电学院，山东 青岛 266510Performance Analysis And Structure Optimization Of Tower Of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Based On ANSYS （College of Mechanical and Electric Engineering， Shan Dong University of Scienceand Technology，Qing Dao 266510, China）stract: Statics analysis, dynamics analysis and structural optimization of large tower of vertical axis wind turbine were presented based on ANSYS. First of all, according to the power of the wind generators the size of the tower was determined. And then statics analysis for the tower was carried out. And the strength check for the maximum strain of the tower was discussed under the maximum load. Dynamics analysis including prestressed modal analysis, seismic response spectrum analysis was performed. Using ANSYS optimization by changing the thickness of the tower of the inherent frequency increases, so as to avoid the generator for tower under the excitation of resonance produced damage. Through to the mechanical analysis of the tower to ensure the reliability of the tower of the performance for the safety of the tower, to provide the theoretical basis for the mechanical properties, and make the quality of the tower of the lightest in meet the premise of mechanical properties, reduce the tower of manufacturing cost. Keywords: tower of vertical axis wind turbine; statics analysis; dynamics analysis; seism seismic response spectrum analysis; structural optimization; ANSYS 风能资源主要集中在50米以上的高空，是低空资源的2倍左右，大容量的风力机机组便于大规模风能的开发利用，因此大功率的风机具有很好的发展前景。在风力发电机中，塔架占成本的25%左右[1]。塔架是风力机的承载部分，塔架的设计是风力发电机组不可缺少的一部分，尤其对于大功率的风力机组[2]。结构振动导致的材料疲劳通常是系统损坏的主要原因之一，振动还会产生噪音，环境所以[3]，垂直轴风力塔架的分析在国内基本是空白。本研究是在前人分析水平轴风力机的基础上，根据垂直轴风力机的实际受力对塔架进行加力并分析，为大型垂直轴的风力机塔架的制造提供了理论依据。 本文首先对垂直轴风力机塔架的模型尺寸的计算与建模，接着对模型加载载荷进行静态的受力分析，在受力的情况下对模型进行有预应力的模态分析，得到塔架的前6阶模态及振型。在模态的基础上，加载模拟的地震频率波动进行谱分析，最后针对塔架模型进行结构的优化，优化的参数是塔架底的壁厚和顶壁厚以及塔底和塔顶的外半径，目标函数是塔架的第一阶频率、质量、最大应力和最大位移。 1 垂直轴风力机塔架的计算模型 大型风力机组大都采用圆锥形塔柱，本研究分析的是1MW的垂直轴风力机的塔柱，根据《高耸机构设计规范》GB50135-2006，选择塔柱的尺