藻类直接液化制取液体燃料研究进展.pdfVIP

化 工 进 展 2012 年第 31 卷第 10 期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·2197 · 进展与述评 藻类直接液化制取液体燃料研究进展 黄付彬，冯丽娟，杨文超，谭文娟，徐康文，李春虎 （中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东 青岛 266100 ） 摘 要：藻类因其光合作用效率高、生长周期短、生物量大等优点被认为是最有应用前景的生物质。本文详细 介绍了3种已实现工业化生产的小球藻、螺旋藻和杜氏盐藻以及其它几种微藻直接液化的研究现状和发展趋势。 阐述了以水和有机溶剂为介质的传统直接液化工艺的优缺点，指出常压催化液化和共液化等新型直接液化工艺将 是未来研究的重点。此外，对几种大型藻的直接液化作了简单评述，指出需加强对大型藻直接液化的研究。 关键词：微藻；大型藻；直接液化；液体燃料 中图分类号：TQ 519 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000 –6613 （2012 ）10 –2197 –06 Research progress in direct liquefaction to prepare liquid fuels from algae HUANG Fubin ，FENG Lijuan ，YANG Wenchao，TAN Wenjuan ， XU Kangwen ，LI Chunhu （College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Ocean University of China，Qingdao 266100，Shandong，China ） Abstract ：Algae are considered to be the most promising biomass due to their high photosynthetic efficiency ，short growth period ，large biomass. The research activities and trends in direct liquefaction technology of Chlorella ，Spirulina and Dunaliella salina，which had been industrialized ，and some other kinds of microalgae were presented in detail. The traditional direct liquefaction process with water and organic solvent as medium were reviewed ，and further study focus on new direct liquefaction process ， such as normal pressure catalytic liquefaction and co-liquefaction ，were provided. Besides ，direct liquefaction of some macroalgae was also remarked ，and it showed that enhancing research on direct liquefaction of macroalgae is needed. Key words ：microalgae; macroalgae; direct liquefaction; liquid fuels 随着能源和环境危机的不断加剧，人们对新能 热解[12-13] 、萃取酯化[14-15]和生物发酵[16]4种技术将 源的关注度越来越高。在众多的新能源中，生物质 藻类转化为液体燃料。萃取酯化主要是生产生物柴 能源由于可再生、低污染等优点成为了当今