浮游生物水下遥测方法研究【毕业论文】.docVIP

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 浮游生物水下遥测方法研究 专业： 海洋技术 摘要 随着人类社会的不断进步，陆地资源被不断地开发和消耗，已经所剩无几了，所以必须寻找新的资源。而海洋覆盖了地球71%的面积，拥有几乎陆上的所有资源。为了突破陆上资源匮乏的限制，世界上很多国家都意识到了开发海洋的重要性，并开始投身到海洋经济的发展中。对海洋进行开发，必然会对海洋生态系统和生态环境造成了相应的破坏和影响；同样的，海洋生态环境发生变化也肯定会使人类开发利用海洋的活动产生一定的影响。所以对海洋生态环境进行监测是非常重要的。这样做既有利于保持海洋生态平衡，也能为人们更好的开发利用海洋提供有用的信息。浮游生物在海洋生态系统中占有主导作用，所以对海洋浮游生物的监测是海洋生态环境监测的一项非常重要的内容。然而浮游生物的传统的调查方法通常是采用现场取水样和拖网采样,这方法存在很多缺点和不足。本课题将应用声学方法对浮游生物进行调查取样，并通过选取一些对于渔业和海洋生态系统有特别贡献的浮游生物，分析研究其声学散射规律及散射特性，并最终拟将声学调查方法作为海洋调查方法的一个有益补充或者是一种直接方法来使用，实时测量在海洋中浮游生物的种类及分布情况。 关键词：海洋生态环境；海洋浮游生物；声学方法；海洋调查 Abstract With the developing of human society, land resources are exploited and consumed to run out, so we have to look for new resources to replace immediately.71% of the earth is covered by the marine, which almost has all the resources on the land. In order to bloke it, a lot of countries in the world have realized that the marine resources are so important that they devote themselves to develop marine economy. On the one hand, with the exploiting of marine, the marine environment will be impacted and damaged; on the other hand, Changes of the marine environment will effect human’s marine activities, Therefore, monitoring of the marine environment is very important. It not only helps to maintain the marine ecological balance, but also provides useful information to guide people to use marine in a better way. Plankton plays a dominant role in marine ecosystem, so monitoring of marine plankton is a very important part of monitoring the marine environment. The traditional method for plankton is trawl sampling, on-site water samples and etc., this method has some shortcomings and deficiencies. This issue