航天动力学与控制.pptVIP

航天动力学与控制 Lecture 2 2007年2月 Basic Concept and Dynamical Equation General Rigid Body Motion The concept of Rigid Body A rigid body can be defined as a system of particles whose relative distances are fixed with time. The internal potential energy of a rigid body is constant Orbital Mechanics: translational motion of spacecraft under the influence of gravitational and other forces becomes orbital mechanics Attitude Mechanics: Rotation about the center of mass under the influence of applied torques becomes attitude mechanics. Two-body and central force motion n-body problem n-body problem has only 10 known integrals of motion: 3 velocity components, 3 position components, 3 angular momentum components, and kinetic energy. only the two-body problem has an unrestricted solution. Special cases of the three-body problem have been treated in closed form Two-body and central force motion (basic differential equation) Two-body and central force motion (basic differential equation) Two-body and central force motion (Solution of the differential equation) Two-body and central force motion (Solution of the differential equation) Two-body and central force motion (Solution of the differential equation) Central Force Motion Central Force Motion Central Force Motion Eccentricity Kepler’s Time Equation Kepler’s Time Equation Kepler’s Time Equation * * Assumption Masses could be two bodies whose minimum distance apart is large compared to their largest dimensions or could have spherically symmetric mass distributions and never touch each other. This restriction allows these masses to be treated as particles in the following analysis. Center of mass: c Geometry dictates that Which permits expressions to become then Mutual attraction requires that then Applying this results leads immediately to In terms of the gravitational attraction yields the basic differential equation of motion for the two-body system. Using a straightforward vector approach. Defining angu