国际铁矿石价格形成机制的经济分析.doc

国际铁矿石价格形成机制的经济分析 内 容 摘 要 全球铁矿石价格主要是根据国际三大铁矿石生产商与主要钢铁生产商商定的合同价格确定的。中国是最大的铁矿石需求国，但在国际定价中仍处于弱势。本文主要通过对世界铁矿石定价机制模型及买卖双方纳什博弈均衡的过程分析来研究国际铁矿石价格形成机制，得出如何改变其单边垄断的现状。本文共分为五章，首先是导论和文献综述，其次通过对国际铁矿石的储量、生产、贸易结构，消费结构方面分析其国家层面及微观层面的市场结构。第四章,通过对铁矿石长期合约价格及其在现货市场价格的研究进行铁矿石的买方寡头垄断特征经济分析，最后是本文的结论和对策建议。 本文通过分析得出以下结论：第一，全球铁矿石的三大巨头市场控制力仍大大强于钢厂，国际铁矿石贸易结构不平衡；第二，国际铁矿石市场供求关系仍没有明显改观，单边垄断的现象仍然很严重；第三，中国是铁矿石需求大国，在铁矿石贸易谈判中仍处于劣势，没有掌握定价权。 关键词：铁矿石、期货市场、市场结构、中国 ABSTRACT The global iron ore price is according to the price for the contract which is agreed by the international three major iron ore miners and major steel producers. China is the largest iron ore demand country, but the demand for iron ore in the international price remains in the vulnerable. This paper concludes some beneficial strategies for buyer to become allied through analyzing the Nush Equilibrium and educes how to change the international iron ore market from unilateral monopoly .This paper is divided into five chapters; first part is introduction and literature review. In chapter 3, the national level and micro-level iron market structure is analyzed by the reserves, production, trade structure and consumption. In chapter 4, we study the long-term contract prices of iron ore and what in the spot market price to analyze the buyer of iron ore of oligopoly characteristics. Chapter 5 is this paper’s conclusion and suggestion. Through analysis we find several conclusions as follows: First, The control of the market by the three global iron ore giants is still significantly stronger than steel, the structure of the international iron ore trade is unbalanced; Second, The relationship between supply and demand change of international iron ore market is no significant change, unilateral monopoly is still very serious; Third, China is the largest iron ore demand country, but steel in a week line in the international pricing, do not have pricing power. KEYWORDS：Iron ore，Forward market，Market Structure，China 第一章 引言 1 第一节 选题背景和意义 1 第