论渎职犯罪“重大损失”.pdfVIP

摘 要 我国刑法在渎职罪中对多个罪名规定有“重大损失”，但是，刑法并没有对 “重大损失”做出界定。相关的司法解释中也没有正面对“重大损失”做出解释， 但是，最高人民检察院历次制定的渎职犯罪《立案标准》可以视为对“重大损失” 的限定。“重大损失”是渎职犯罪成立的必备要件，它具有决定罪与非罪的作用。 渎职犯罪“重大损失”根据不同的标准可以分为不同的类型，如直接损失与 间接损失，无形损失与有形损失等。从“重大损失”的表现形式来看，渎职犯罪 的“重大损失”可以分为人员伤亡类“重大损失”、财产损失类“重大损失”和 非物质性“重大损失”等。其中，财产损失类“重大损失”包括直接经济损失和 间接经济损失。 渎职犯罪“重大损失”的起点额因损失表现形式的不同而有所不同。渎职犯 罪“重大损失”的计算时间区间上，应区分为立案“重大损失”和定罪量刑“重 大损失”，对于前者,其计算期间应该是从国家机关工作人员的渎职行为造成损失 时起，到侦查机关立案侦查时止；而对于后者，其计算期间应为从国家机关工作 人员的渎职行为造成损失时起，到案件起诉时止。“重大损失”的计算范围上， 应该严格查明损失和渎职行为的因果关系，只有那些与渎职行为有刑法上因果关 系的损失才能计算在“重大损失”的范围之内。 关键词：渎职犯罪；重大损失；人员伤亡；财产损失；非物质性损失；起点额 I Abstract Heavy loss is prescribed in several crimes of malfeasance by Chinese Criminal Law. However, heavy loss is not defined in Criminal Law. There is no official explanation about heavy loss in relevant judicial explanation but Criteria for Case-filling about crime of malfeasance by Supreme People’s Procuratorate can be regarded as criteria on heavy loss. Heavy loss is the essential condition of crime of malfeasance, which can determine guilty or not. Heavy loss of crime of malfeasance can be divided into different types according to different criteria such as Direct Loss and Indirect Loss, Tangible Loss and Intangible Loss etc. According to the appearing form of heavy loss, heavy loss of crime of malfeasance can be divided into Personal Heavy Loss, Non-physical Heavy Loss and Property Heavy Loss which includes Direct economic loss and Indirect economic loss and etc. Starting point amount of heavy loss in crime of malfeasance is different for different loss appearing forms. Heavy loss of crime of malfeasance s