五金冲压成形基本守则(英文版).pdfVIP

2 Basic principles of metal forming 2.1 Methods of forming and cutting technology 2.1.1 Summary As described in DIN 8580, manufacturing processes are classified into six main groups: primary shaping, material forming, dividing, joining, modifying material property and coating (Fig. 2.1.1). Primary shaping is the creation of an initial shape from the molten, gaseous or formless solid state. Dividing is the local separation of mate- rial. Joining is the assembly of individual workpieces to create sub- assemblies and also the filling and saturation of porous workpieces. Coating means the application of thin layers on components, for exam- ple by galvanization, painting and foil wrapping. The purpose of modi- fying material property is to alter material characteristics of a workpiece primary shaping dividing forming joining coating modifying material property Fig. 2.1.1 Overview of production processes Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 6 Basic principles of metal forming to achieve certain useful properties. Such processes include heat treat- ment processes such as hardening or recrystallization annealing. Forming – as the technology forming the central subject matter of this book – is defined by DIN 8580 as manufacturing through the three- dimensional or plastic modification of a shape while retaining its mass and material cohesion. In contrast to deformation, forming is the mod- ification of a shape with controlled geometry. Forming p