试论确认之诉.pdfVIP

摘要 摘 要 确认之诉是原告请求法院对当事人之间争议的权利或法律关系的存在与否作出 权威性确定的诉。无论是大陆法系还是英美法系，都早已展开对确认之诉的广泛研究， 并由此产生出内容丰沛的关于确认之诉的相关理论与制度，使确认之诉作为一项基本 民事诉讼类型的功能得到充分展现。相比之下，目前我国对确认之诉的重视程度显然 不够。首先在理论上，对确认之诉的研究涉入不多，具体阐释也不够系统和深入；其 次，在立法上，我国长期对确认之诉没有作出明确规定，确认之诉作为制度运行缺乏 相应的法律依据；最后，在司法实践中，对确认之诉的运用也很少，未能充分发挥确 认之诉的价值与功能。 本文从确认之诉的基本理论，包括：确认之诉的概念及历史成因、确认之诉的基 本类型、确认之诉与其诉讼类型的比较及确认之诉的制度价值等方面入手，重点阐述 与确认之诉密切相关的若干深层理论，如确认之诉的诉的利益理论、确认之诉的诉讼 标的理论和确认之诉中的证明责任分配理论等，试图以多个角度为切入点，深层次地 对确认之诉作出详细的介绍。最后，基于完善我国确认之诉制度的构想，通过对目前 我国法条中及实践中确认之诉的存在状况进行分析，并通过与德、日等国较为成熟的 确认之诉进行对比，从立法及司法实践等若干方面对构建我国确认之诉制度提出了大 胆的建议。 关键词：确认之诉，诉的利益，确认之诉的类型 I Abstract Abstract The action of confirmation is a kind of actions which is asked for by plaintiff requests for the court to confirm the existence or non-existence of the disputant right or legal relationship between both parties and make the authoritative determination of the appeal. No matter in the continental legal system or in the common law system，research of the action of confirmation has already begun, the theory and systems about the action of confirmation is very well-developed, which helps the function of the action of confirmation as one types of basic lawsuits is fully demonstrated. By contrast, at present we do not pay enough attention to the action of confirmation. First, the study of the action of confirmation is not comprehensive, systematic, in-depth in theory; Second, the system of the action of confirmation is lack of a corresponding legal basic in long-term in our country. Finally, judicial practice can not give full play to the action of confirmation. The paper starts from the basic