人性本善.docVIP

1.德国一家人类进化研究所致力于寻找人类大脑发育的过程，以及人类协作精神产生的源泉。科学家在实验室中研究一群婴儿面对各种环境时如何反应协作。他们意外地发现，婴儿竟然个个都是助人为乐的「好儿童」。 心理学研究员每天在一群刚刚会爬的婴儿面前作简单的动作，比如用夹子挂毛巾,把书垒成堆。经过一段时间，研究员会故意笨手笨脚地搞砸这些最简单的任务。比如把夹子掉了，或把书堆碰倒了。此时实验室24个婴儿在几秒钟之内，同时都表现出要帮忙的意思。 根据研究录像，一个裹着尿布的婴儿看看研究员的脸色，又看看掉在地上的夹子,马上明白了是怎么回事。他手脚并用地爬过来，抓起夹子，推到研究员脚边。看起来急切的要把夹子递给研究员。婴儿都表现出同样的热诚，似乎非常愿意帮助笨手笨脚的研究员。 在整个实验过程中，研究员从来不主动要求婴儿帮助他，也不说「谢谢」之类的话。 2. 三字经的前两句话：人之初，性本善。强调的是，人一生下来，是善良的，关键在于后天的教育：得当，则继续“善”，不当，可能变恶。突出的是道德教育的必要，也是儒家教育的观点。 3. 当然，就心理学讲，气质（人的四种气质）是先天的，但那是要长大以后的显现，人之初并无表现。 4. 哲学家康德主张，人不分聪明才智、贫富美丑都具有理性．孟子认为人性本善，所以进一步又加了一句，每个人都有恻隐之心．而佛家说，一心迷是真身，一心觉则是佛．正因为人性本善，所以人随时随地都可以放下屠刀、立地成佛．我方主张人性本善，就是主张人性的根源点是善的，有善端才会有善行．我方不否认在人类社会中存在有恶行，但是恶行的产生则是由外在环境所造成，所以恶是结果而不是原因．如果硬要说恶是因不是果，也就是说人性本恶，那么人世间根本不能产生真正的道德．虽然英国哲学家霍布斯极力主张在人性本恶的前提下人类可以形成道德．但是想想看，如果人性本恶，人类一切道德规范都是作为人类最大的利己手段．当道德成为手段时，道德还是道德吗？ In 1 a German human evolutionary research institute dedicated to finding the human brain development process, as well as the source of human spirit of collaboration. Scientist in a laboratory study with a group of babies face a variety of environments how to react in collaboration. They were surprised to find that, baby should all find in helping others good child. Psychology researcher per day in a baby learning to crawl in front of simple movements, such as the clip to hang towels, put the book on piles. After a period of time, the researcher intentionally clumsy-handed to failure in the most simple tasks. Like to clip off, or piled the books touch down. The laboratory in 24 infants in seconds, and are shown to help. According to the research of video, a paper diaper baby have a look have a look, look, and fell to the ground clip, understood immediately what. His hands and feet to climb over, grabbed the clip, push to the researcher s feet. Seems eager to put the clamps to fellow. Infants were shown the same zeal, seem to be very willing to help clumsy-handed researcher. During the whole experiment, researchers never ask baby to help him, do not say thank you a