语法之状语从句学生版.ppt

常见引导词： when, as, while, before, after, since, till (until), as soon as, the moment, 注意：在由以上连接词或词组连接的主从复合句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和从句谓语动词所表示的动作有时是同时发生，有时是先后发生。因此在理解此类句子时要特别注意主句和从句的谓语动词的时态。 1. when 引导的从句：表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。有时when等于and at this time. 例如： I was going out when a visitor came. (动作同时发生） They continued their way when the snowstorm had passed. (动作不同时发生） 2. as 引导的从句： 表示“当…时”或“一边…, 一边…”, 主句和从句的动作同时发生。 e.g. Will you drop the letter in the box as you go past the post? As the students walked along the lake, they sang happily. 4. before 引导的从句：一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。 e.g. I didn’t know any English before I came here. 5. after引导的从句：表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。 e.g. After he locked the door, he left. After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend. 6. since 引导的从句：表示”自从…以来“，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时。主句中的动词表示动词延续的情况，一般用现在完成时。如果主句中的动词表示的不是延续的动词而是表示目前的状态，可用一般现在时。 It is twenty years since she joined the Party. 7. till (until)引导的从句： 1）表示”直到…”,主句和从句都用肯定式 2）表示“直到…才”，主句用否定，从句用肯定。 They worked till it was dark. She didn’t go to bed until she had reviewed her lessons. 比较till and until 1)until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 2)until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。 ---Until when are you staying?　 ---Until next Monday.　　 8.1) as soon as 和the moment 引导的从句表示“一…就…” As soon as she came to the classroom, she began to read English. The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful. 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。 Where I live there are plenty of trees. Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. I will go where the weather is better. Wherever you are, I will be waiting for you. because, since, as 和 for + 句子 1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must