台大公卫学院卫生政策与管理研究所.docVIP

台大公衛學院衛生政策與管理研究所 九十四學年度碩博士班學生流行病學能力測驗 September 12, 2005 地點：基醫大樓15樓1514室 hat is the mostly likely effect on prevalence of stroke, as the fatality from stroke decreases? (5%) (A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) Stay the same (D) Cannot be determined from the information provided ___B__ What is the most likely effect on case fatality of childhood leukemia, as the probability of survival from childhood leukemia increases? (5%) (A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) Stay the same (D) Cannot be determined from the information provided __A__ What is the most likely effect on risk (or cumulative incidence) of breast cancer, as the incidence of breast cancer increases? (5%) (A) Increase (B) Decrease (C) Stay the same (D) Cannot be determined from the information provided __B__ It is known that occupational exposure to asbestos is associated with mesothelioma (a type of lung cancer), and mesothelioma tends to occur 30 years or more after asbestos exposure. Please choose the most appropriate reason for this finding. (5%) (A) Birth cohort effect (B) Latent period (C) Dose-response effect (D) Susceptible stage (E) Consistency of association __B__ The purpose of randomization in a clinical trial is to: (5%) (A) Reduce the potential of information bias (B) Reduce the potential of selection bias (C) Reduce the possibility of loss to follow up (D) Increase patients’ compliance ___C_ A recent survey found that smokers had a higher risk of road injury. Lower socioeconomic status is known to associate with smoking and might also be associated with high-risk behaviors. What is the most likely type of bias, based on the information mentioned above? (5%) (A) Ecological fallacy (B) Selection bias (C) Confounding (D) Misclassification (E) Cohort effect __A__ In a case-control study of passive smoking as a risk factor for childhood asthma, mother of asthmatic children tend to over-report the exposure of passive smoking. What is the most likely effect on the study finding? (5%) (A)