土木工程专业外语词汇大全.docVIP

土木工程专业外语词汇大全 一. 综合类1.geotechnical engineering岩土工程2.foundation engineering基础工程3.soil, earth土4.soil mechanics土力学? ?? ???cyclic loading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基viscous damping粘滞阻尼shear modulus剪切模量5.soil dynamics土动力学6.stress path应力路径7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二. 土的分类1.residual soil残积土 groundwater level地下水位2.groundwater? ?地下水? ?groundwater table地下水位 3.clay minerals粘土矿物4.secondary minerals次生矿物5.landslides滑坡6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravelly sand砾砂12.coarse sand粗砂13.medium sand中砂14.fine sand细砂15.silty sand粉土16.clayey soil粘性土17.clay粘土18.silty clay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.sandy silt砂质粉土21.clayey silt粘质粉土22.saturated soil饱和土23.unsaturated soil非饱和土24.fill (soil)填土25.overconsolidated soil超固结土26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土28.zonal soil区域性土29.soft clay软粘土30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土31.peat泥炭32.loess黄土33.frozen soil冻土三. 土的基本物理力学性质1.cc??compression index2.cu??undrained shear strength3.cu/p0? ?ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0 (cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively4.cvane??cohesive strength from vane test5.e0??natural void ratio6.Ip??plasticity index7.K0??coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ28.K0’??domain for effective stressesσ1 ‘ andσ2’9.K0n??K0??for normally consolidated state 10.K0u??K0??coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading??or an undrained condition 11.K0d??K0??coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient12.kh??,kv??permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively13.N? ?blow count, standard penetration test14.OCR??over-consolidation ratio15.pc? ?preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test16.p0? ?effective overburden pressure 17.p s??spec