科普知识学英语 加拿大人所受工作压力普遍较大.docVIP

Having more control in the workplace can have negative consequences for individuals but it depends on the form of job control, according to new research out of the University of Toronto. Sociologist Scott Schieman measured a range of work conditions using data from a national survey of 6,004 Canadian workers. To measure levels of job pressure, he asked study participants questions such as: How often do you feel overwhelmed by how much you had to do at work? How often do you have to work on too many tasks at the same time? and How often do the demands of your job exceed the time you have to do the work? ? He found that roughly one-third of Canadian workers report that they often or very often feel overwhelmed by work or that the demands of their job exceed the time to do the work. Four out of 10 workers report having to work on too many tasks at the same time often or very often. ? Excessive job demands have?detrimental（有害的）?effects, says Schieman. We know that workers who report higher scores on these indicators of job pressure also tend to experience more problems navigating work and family roles, more symptoms of physical and mental health problems and they tend to be less satisfied with their work. ? The study found that having control over ones work schedule and job autonomy are associated with lower levels of job pressure. However, challenging work in which one is required to keep learning new things, engage in creative activities, use skills and abilities and handle a variety of tasks, is associated with higher levels of job pressure as is being in a position of authority where one is supervising or managing others. ? Three key indicators of higher socioeconomic status (SES) -- education, higher status occupations (executives or professionals) and income -- were each independently associated with greater job pressure. However, those with high SES face greater pressure mostly because of their more challenging work and greater levels of authority, says Schiem