机电技术专业英语 教学课件 作者 徐起贺 张庆良pata a lesson five.pptVIP

* 机电技术专业英语 Lesson Five Text Although one of the main purposes of Lubrication is to reduce friction, any substance——liquid, solid, or gaseous——capable of controlling friction and wear between sliding surfaces can be classed as a lubricant. Varieties of Lubricant Unlubricated sliding. Metals that have been carefully treated to remove all foreign materials1 seize and weld to one another when slid together. In the absence of such a high degree of cleanliness, absorbed gases, water vapor, oxides, and contaminants reduce friction and the tendency to seize but usually result in severe wear; this is called “unlubricated” or dry sliding. Lubrication Function of Lubricants Although a lubricant primarily controls friction and wear, it can and ordinarily does perform numerous other functions, which vary with the application and usually are interrelated. Other Functions Lubricants are frequently used for purposes other than the reduction of friction. Some of these applications are described below. Power transmission. Lubricants are widely employed as hydraulic fluids in fluid transmission devices. Insulation. In specialized applications, such as transformers and switchgear, lubricants with high dielectric constant act as electrical insulators3. For maximum insulating properties, a lubricant must be kept free of contaminants and water. Shock dampening. Lubricants act as shock dampening fluids in energy transferring devices, such as shock absorbers4, and around machine parts, such gears, that are subjected to high intermittent loads. Sealing. Lubricating grease frequently performs the special function of forming a seal to retain lubricants or to exclude contaminants. Lesson Five New Words and Expressions Lesson Five Lesson Five Lesson Five Notes 1. foreign material 杂质，外来物质 2. graphite and molybdenum disulfide 石墨和二硫化钼 3. electrical insulator 电绝缘体 4. shock absorber 减震器 Lesson Five 参考译文 尽管润滑的主要目的之一是减少摩擦力，任何可以控制两个滑动表面