Topic 13 Contextual Amplification.doc

Topic 13 Contextual Amplification 教学目的：让学生了解常用翻译技巧“增词” 教学重点：增词 教学难点：如何在翻译实践中中应用这一技巧 教学方法：技巧分析与翻译练习相结合 教学参考书：郭著章的《英汉互译翻译教程》、张培基的《英汉翻译教程》、吕瑞昌的《汉英翻译教程》和彭长江的《英汉－汉英翻译教程》 教学时间：2节课 1. Definition of amplification Amplification means supplying necessary words in our translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original. As a matter of principle, a translator is supposed to supply necessary words to make his or her version both accurate in meaning and in keeping with the idiomatic use of the language to be translated into. It is for the purpose of “faithful representation” of the thought of the author that we often resort to “amplification”. This is because English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and phrases, etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make sense to the original patterns without alteration and consequently amplification is adopted in dealing with such occasions. 2. Classification of Amplification Amplification in English-Chinese Translation 1. Syntactical Amplification Lexical Amplification（从句法结构上考虑的增词）This kind of amplification includes: amplification by supplying such kinds of words as verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, numerals, category words, generalization words, and the plural forms of nouns.  1. 增加量词（classifier）英语中数词与可数名词往往可以直接连用，不用加量词。而汉语往往要加量词。 It was a nova! 这是一颗新星！ The sun rose thinly from the sea. 一轮红日从海边淡淡升起。 A stream was winding its ways through the valley into the river. 一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇到江里去了。 2. 增加表达复数的词(convey the concept of plurality) 汉语中的名词没有复数概念，也没有词形上的变化，很多情况下不必表达出来；而英语中的名词有词形的变化，但没有量词，所以在翻译成汉语的时候，可根据情况增加重叠词、数词或其他一些词来表达复数的概念，以达到修辞效果。 All roads lead to Rome 条条大路通罗马 The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。 The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. 群山已在山谷里开始投下蔚蓝色的长影。 I saw bubbles rising from under the water. 我看见一个个水泡从水下升起。  3.