磁珠在临床以及生物科学与技术中的运用.pptVIP

Magnetic nano- and microparticles in bioscience and biotechnology Ivo Safarik and Mirka Safarikova Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Type of magnetic nano- and microparticles Multi domain, single domain or superparamagnetic Magnetite (Fe3O4) Ferrites (MeO . Fe2O3; Me = Ni, Co, Mg, Zn, Mn) Maghemite (?-Fe2O3) Greigite (Fe3S4) Iron, nickel Magnetic nano- and microparticles Inorganic material, but: Present in biological systems Usable for a variety of bio-applications Important dates 1962 - Lowenstam (biochemically-precipitated magnetite as a capping material in the radula (tongue plate) teeth of chitons (marine mollusks of the class Polyplacophora) 1975 - Blakemore (magnetotactic bacteria) Magnetic material in teeth of chitons hardening the tooth caps (enabling the chitons to extract and eat endolithic algae from within the outer few millimeters of rock substrates) Magnetotactic bacteria Various morphological types exist Gram-negative prokaryotes Magnetic nanoparticles present in magnetosomes Found in sediments in diverse aquatic environments Magnetotactic bacteria Magnetosomes Composed from magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4) Ca 50 nm in diameter Covered with a lipidic membrane Important for navigation of the bacteria into oxic/anoxic layer Biocompatible character (phospholipid bilayer) Possible applications in biosciences Magnetosomes Magnetosomes Biogenic magnetic nanoparticles Magnetotactic bacteria Magnetotactic algae Protozoa Insect Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals Animal magnetite Magnetosome chains from the frontal tissues of chinook salmon S. Mann et al.: J. Exp. Biol. 140 (1988) 35-49. Importance of animal magnetite Most probably involved in magnetoreception (what is the current position ???, which direction to move ???) ? interaction of magnetite nanoparticles (chains of magnetic nanoparticles ?) with the sensing cells Non-physiological presence of magnetic nanoparticles Found in human brain in case of neurodegenerativ