物流专业英语 教学课件 作者 周晓晔 徐剑 Chapter 6.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Transportation Management Unit 1 Transportation Unit 2 Transportation Strategy Unit 3 Transportation Manager’s Activities Unit 1 Transportation 1 Definition 2 Types of Traffic 3 Transportation Characteristics 4 Modal Characteristics 5 Importance of an Effective Transportation System  1 Definition 3 Transportation Characteristics It is also true that increasing economic prosperity promotes an increased demand for transportation. As societies develop, individuals begin to have both spare time and money at their disposal and wish to spend these in a variety of ways. A high disposable income is often spent on luxury goods from abroad or on overseas holidays and these requires transportation either to move the goods from their point of origin to the end user or, in the case of a holiday, to move the end user to the point at which the facilities are available. 4 Modal Characteristics 4.1 Road 4.2 Rail 4.3 Air 4.4 Sea  4.1 Road The main advantage of this mode is its facility for door-to-door collection and delivery, often in the same vehicle. With few exceptions, all other modes must use road transportation, at one or both ends of the trip, to complete the link. These services all use common track or way. This “open access” to roads has disadvantages, the most obvious being traffic congestion at peak times. The resulting extended journey times, for passenger and freight traffic, add to the costs of both operators and users.  4.2 Rail Some light rail operations (the modern equivalent of the tram) share road space with other traffic. However heavy rail, which encompasses traditional mainline and underground operations, is confined its own track or network which is referred to as the “permanent way”. The provision and maintenance of the fixed installations essential to the operation of the railways are very costly. This infrastructure together with locomotives and trains has to be provided whether or not large quan