((生物分类学上的)门.pptVIP

Sorting Rows What Will I Learn? In this lesson, you will learn to: Construct a query to sort a results set in ascending or descending order State the order in which expressions are evaluated and calculated based on the rules of precedence Construct a query to order a results set using a column alias Construct a query to order a results set for single or multiple columns Why Learn It? By nature, most of us need order in our lives. Imagine if each time you had dinner, you had to look in every kitchen drawer or cabinet to find a knife and a fork? Ordering, grouping, and sorting makes finding things easier. Biologists group animals in phyla ((生物分类学上的)门, [语]语群(比语系关系松散的一种语言)), astronomers order brightness of stars by magnitude, and programmers organize Java code in classes. For database design, business functions are ordered by entities and attributes; in database information, SQL uses the ORDER BY clause. Being able to sort results is a convenient feature in SQL and enables programmers to display information in many different ways. ORDER BY Information sorted in ascending order is familiar to most of us. Its what makes looking up a number in a phone book, finding a word in the dictionary, or locating a house by its street address relatively easy. SQL uses the ORDER BY clause following the FROM clause to order data. The ORDER BY clause can specify several ways in which to order rows returned in a query. The DJ on Demand example uses the ORDER BY clause to order the years in ascending (default) order. ORDER BY Important note: The ORDER BY clause must be the last clause of the SQL statement. SELECT title, year FROM d_cds ORDER BY year; ORDER BY The default sort order is ascending. Numeric values are displayed lowest to highest. Date values are displayed with the earliest value first. Character values are displayed in alphabetical order. Null values are displayed last in ascending order and first in descending order. ORDER BY If it is necessary to reverse the default order