密码学与网络安全 教学课件 作者 978 7 302 19727 0 附录B.pdfVIP

for70220_appB.fm Page 595 Saturday, January 27, 2007 12:38 PM APPENDIX B Standards and Standard Organizations Standards are essential in creating and maintaining an open and competitive market for equipment manufacturers and in guaranteeing national and international interoperability of technology. Standards provide guidelines to manufacturers, vendors, government agencies, and other service providers to ensure the kind of interconnectivity necessary in today’s marketplace and in international communications. B.1 INTERNET STANDARDS An Internet standard is a thoroughly tested specification that is useful to and adhered to by those who work with the Internet. It is a formalized regulation that must be followed. There is a strict procedure by which a specification attains Internet standard status. A specification begins as an Internet draft. An Internet draft is a working document (a work in progress) with no official status and a six-month lifetime. Upon recommenda- tion from the Internet authorities, a draft may be published as a Request for Comment (RFC). Each RFC is edited, assigned a number, and made available to all interested parties. RFCs go through maturity levels and are categorized according to their require- ment level. Maturity Levels An RFC, during its lifetime, falls into one of six maturity levels: proposed standard, draft standa