01Chapter 1_intro.pptVIP

Example A: what’s the matter with you?B: I dont feel very well. A: Dont worry, Let me give you some medicine B: What should I do during the time? A: You should have a good rest and take the medicine on time B: Thank you. A: Its my duty, you must take the medicine on time. B: Sure, good bye A: Bye. Example 甲：嗨，明天咱们去逛街吧，商场很多衣服都打折了，包括你上周试穿的那款连衣裙呢。 乙：不行啊！明天我们要补课。 甲：调一下课嘛，机会难得啊！明天我都准备关门歇业一天呢！ 乙：真的不行，调课挺麻烦的。 甲：哎，那算了。 e.g. I now declare the meeting open. I bet you two pounds it will rain tomorrow. * To take one example, the well-known movie《刘三姐》features a scene of “对歌” (song dueling) mostly for the sheer joy of playing on language. Video 1.4.7 Metalingual function （元语言功能) * Our language can be used to talk about itself. It makes the language infinitely self-reflexive: We human beings can talk about talk and think about thinking, and thus only humans can ask what it means to communicate, to think, to be human. Ⅱ. Linguistics * 2.1 Definition ----The scientific study of human language 2.2 The scope of linguistics a. Microlinguistics (General linguistics) b. Macrolinguistics The scope or major branches of linguistics Microlinguistics Phonetics Phonology Morphology Syntax Semantics pragmstics Macrolinguistics Sociolinguistics Psycholinguistics… Phonetics * ---studies the sounds used in linguistic communication; Phonology ---studies how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication (sound patterns of languages); Morphology ---studies the way in which symbols representing sounds used in linguistic communication are arranged and combined to form words (the form of words) ---studies the rules governing the combination of words into grammatically permissible sentences in languages Syntax ----studies the meaning of language  ----studies meaning in the context of language use. Semantics Pragmatics ---- social factors (e.g. class, education) affect language use ----linguistic behavior and psychological process Sociolinguisti