模具专业英语 教学课件 作者 王浩钢 14456第17章.ppt

Lesson 17  Castings Shaw investment casting 　　The manufacture of cavities and cores in steel by the conventional casting method using sand moulds is not satisfactory owing to the poor finish obtained and to the porosity which occurs on, or just below, the surface of the casting.① 　　The expenditure involved in plugging, machining and finishing uneconomic. 　　The Shaw investment casting process does not, however, share the disadvantages associated with sand casting and is therefore applicable to specialists and the mouldmaker supplies the company with a pattern of the required mould part.② 　　As the final casting will be an accurate reproduction of the pattern supplied, this must be manufactured to close tolerances and have a good surface finish. 　　To allow for the contraction of the steel on cooling the pattern is made approximately 0.020 mm/mm(in/in) oversize. 　　The procedure adopted in the manufacture of a mould part by this process is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 17-1. 　　The major limitation associated with the process is that it is not possible to guarantee an overall tolerance better than 0.005mm/mm (in/in) which means that for large mould castings there is the possibility of considerable error③. 　　For example, the discrepancy on a component 500 mm (20in) long may be as much as 2.5mm (0.1in) which would certainly necessitate subsequent machining operation.④ 　　However, in many cases, as for example in the toy industry, extreme accuracy in the dimension of the final product is not as important as the form, in which case the process often shows considerable saving over conventional machining methods. PRESSURE CASTING 　　Beryllium-copper is a material which is increasingly being used in mould construction because it possesses several desirable characteristics. 　　In particular it has a high thermal conductivity combined with a reasonable hardness (Brinell Hardness Number of about 250) which makes it suitable for certain types of cavity and core