纳滤膜对电解质溶液分离特性的理论研究_I_单一电解质溶液.pdfVIP

2006 64 Vol. 64, 2006 22 , ACTA CHIMICA SINICA No. 22, · · (I): * ( 100084) . , Nernst-Planck Donnan Gouy-Chapman . , Levenberg-Marquardt . (NF45 SU200)1-1 (NaCl, KCl, LiCl), 2-1 (K SO ) 2 4 2-2 (MgSO4), , . , . , . ; ; ; Nernst-Planck ; Gouy-Chapman Theoretical Investigation on the Separation Characteristics of Electrolyte Solutions with the Nanofiltration Membranes (I): Single Electrolyte Solutions FU, Sheng YU, Yang-Xin* GAO, Guang-Hua WANG, Xiao-Lin (Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084) Abstract The rejections of electrolyte solution in the nanofiltration membranes are very important for the desalination of sea water and the removal of heavy metal ions from water. In this work the nanofiltration membrane pores were modeled as slit-like pores with fixed pore size and surface electrical potential. The extended Nernst-Planck equation was used for the calculation of the ion fluxes through the membrane pores, in which the local concentrations of electrolyte ions on the membrane surfaces were evaluated from the Donnan equilibrium model and the charge densities on the membrane surfaces were predicted from the Gouy-Chapman theory. The parameters characterizing the nanofiltration membranes are the pure water per- meability, pore width and membrane surface el