微观经济学英文课件Ch_10.pptVIP

Externalities外部性 Chapter 10 Market Efficiency-Market Failure市场效率和市场失灵 Recall that: Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” of the marketplace leads self-interested buyers and sellers in a market to maximize the total benefit that society can derive from a market. 市场中看不见的手会引导自利的买卖双方的行为，使得社会总福利最大化。 But market failures can still happen. 但是市场可能会失灵 Market failure results from market power and externality 市场垄断和外部性会导致市场失灵 Market Failures: Externalities市场失灵：外部性 When a market outcome affects parties other than the buyers and sellers in the market, side-effects are created called externalities. 当市场结果影响了买卖双方之