现代分析原理2.pptVIP

营口地区成人高等教育 QQ群座机电话号码 目录 §1.5 离子选择电极的评价指标 §1.6 离子选择性电极的测量方法 §1.7 影响离子选择性电极测定的因素 §1.8 离子选择性电极分析的应用 §1.9 电位滴定分析法 §1.5 离子选择电极的评价指标 讨论 例题： 1.用pNa玻璃膜电极（KNa+，K+ 0.001）测定pNa 3的试液时,如试液中含有pK 2的钾离子,则产生的误差是多少? 2.某硝酸根电极对硫酸根的选择系数：K NO３-, SO４2- 4.1×10 －5 用此电极在1.0mol/L硫酸盐介质中测定硝酸根,如果要求测量误差不大于5%,试计算可以测定的硝酸根的最低活度为多少? 2．线性范围和检测下限 §1.6 离子选择性电极的测量方法 总离子强度调节缓冲溶液（TISAB） 2 标准加入法 §1.7影响离子选择性电极测定的因素 §1.8 离子选择性电极分析的应用 简便快捷，电极可瞬时响应。对有颜色、浑浊液及粘稠液亦可进行测量。 所需设备简单 电位变化信号可供连续显示和自动记录，易于实现连续和自动处理 与溶液中给定离子的活度相应，而不是一般分析中所得的离子的总浓度，这在某种场合中具有重要的意义。 §1.9 电位滴定分析法 1.电位滴定装置与滴定曲线 2.电位滴定终点确定方法 电位分析法的应用与计算示例 计算 3.电位滴定的应用和指示电极的选择 电位分析法的应用与计算示例 电位分析法的应用与计算示例 BASIC THEORY OF ISE MEASUREMENTS Ion-Selective Electrodes are part of a group of relatively simple and inexpensive analytical tools which are commonly referred to as Sensors. The pH electrode is the most well known and simplest member of this group and can be used to illustrate the basic principles of ISEs. a The pH Electrode This is a device for measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions and hence the degree of acidity of a solution - since pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration; The most essential component of a pH electrode is a special, sensitive glass membrane which permits the passage of hydrogen ions, but no other ionic species. When the electrode is immersed in a test solution containing hydrogen ions the external ions diffuse through the membrane until an equilibrium is reached between the external and internal concentrations. Thus there is a build up of charge on the inside of the membrane which is proportional to the number of hydrogen ions in the external solution. The potential difference developed across the membrane is in fact directly proportional to the Logarithm of the ionic concentration in the external solution. Thus, in order to determine the pH of an unknown solution, it is only necessary to measure the potential difference in two standard solutions of known pH, construct a straight line calibra