Chapter 8 Quiz.ppt

Chapter 8 Quiz Language and Thought Don’t forget to write your answers on a separate piece of paper to grade when you’re done! 1. Phonemes are: a The rules of grammar that dictate letter combinations in a language b The smallest unit of sound in a language c The smallest unit of meaning in a language d Semantically the same as morphemes 2. Because it has all the features commonly associated with the concept bird, a robin is considered a n : a prototype b heuristic c algorithm d phenotype 3. Compared to convergent thinkers, to solve a problem divergent thinkers are more likely to: a Process information to arrive at the single best answer b Think creatively and generate multiple answers c Problem solve in a systematic step-by-step fashion d Frequently suffer from functional fixedness 4. Unlike B. F. Skinner, Noam Chomsky believes that children a Learn to speak by mimicking the sounds around them b Speak more quickly if their parents correct their mispronunciations earlier c Are hard-wired for language acquisition d Learn language more quickly if positive rewards are given to them 5. Which of the following is a good example of functional fixedness? a Failing to use a dime as a screwdriver when you have lost your screwdriver b Not being able to solve a physics problem because you apply the same rule you always do c Using a blanket as a pillow d Adding water to a cake mix when it calls for milk 6. Having been told that Syd is an engineer and Fran is an elementary school teacher, when Arnold meets the couple for the first time, he assumes that Syd is the husband and Fran is the wife, rather than the opposite, which is the case. This best illustrates: a Confirmation bias b The mere exposure effect c The anchoring effect d The representativeness heuristic 7. Which of the following is a holophrase one-year-old Amanda is likely to say? “Mmmmm” “Gaga” “Eat apple” “Bottle” 8. Which of the following exemplifies retroa