利用紫茎泽兰栽培平菇的研究.doc

[利用紫茎泽兰栽培平菇的研究] 摘 要 本文介绍了利用紫茎泽兰作为原料栽培平菇,同时利用稻草和棉籽壳为原料栽培平菇作对照。研究结果表明，袋料熟料栽培平菇的培养基配方中，以紫茎泽兰为主要原料的配方A：紫茎泽兰80％（干）；麦麸9％；玉米粉8％；石灰2％；蔗糖１％其菌丝生长旺盛：白、粗壮、稠密、整齐，满袋时间为18d，菌丝长速为10.0mm/d,明显优于其他对照组。该组培养出的平菇产菇量最高鲜重为4.01kg,平均产量为802g，该组效果最好，生物学效率为178比对照C平均增产80%以上。 对照组D、E、F三者之间单产量无明显的差异但与利用紫茎泽兰鲜草和干草作培养基的A、B组相比差异较明显。各种培养基配方之间子实体形态特征特性无显著差异。配方A、B、E、F的鲜菇在品尝食味鲜美度、气味芳香度等方面与配方C、D比较无明显差别，口感稍优。 关键词 紫茎泽兰，平菇，栽培研究，生物学效率 ABSTRACT The text introduced in cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatu LCEF89,the Eupatorium adenoprum were used as material,at the same time，the straw and cotton seed hull were used as CK.The results showed that the formula which was mainly composed with Eupatorium adenophorum was the best，which fill a prescription is : Eupatorium adeno- prum is 80%,wheat bran is 9% ,corn flour is 8% ,lime is 2% and sucrose is 1%.And the hypha which is eugonic .It is white,thickset,denseness and trim.The time of sackful is 18d and the velocity of hypha is 10.0mm/d . The biological efficency could improve above 80% compared with group c . The single-output diversity is more patency between collate group D、E、F and group A and B. But the different effect between fresh and dry Eupatorium adenophorum on yield was not obvious.The feature property of grain build appearance does not marked divergence between the different dispensations of culture medium.The tasty of savortoeat between dispensation group A 、B、E、F and C、D is not the obvious distinction .The texture is the most splendid a bit .This opens a new way for ontro1,extermination and utilization of Eupatoriu- m denophorum spreng. and a new formula for cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatu was offered. Keywords Eupatorium denophorum，Pleurotus ostreatus LCEF89， research of cultivation，biological efficency 目 录 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 1 绪 论 1 1.1紫茎泽兰 1 1.1.1紫茎泽兰生物学特性 1 1.1.2紫茎泽兰的分布与危害 1 1.1.3紫茎泽兰的综合防治 2 1.1.4紫茎泽兰的功能作用 3 1.1.5紫茎泽兰研究展望 4 1.2平菇 5 1.2.1形态和生活史 5 1.2.2对生活条件的要求 6 1.3 本课题研究的目的和意义 6 1.4国内外研究现状和研究水平 7 1.5本课题研究的背景 7 2　材料