膨胀石墨中试设计.doc

100t/a吨膨胀石墨中试设计 摘 要 膨胀石墨是近十多年来针对化工废水处理、发热材料、密封材料等领域发展起来的新型炭素材料。在我国其研究、应用发展迅速，市场需求量很大但生产能力很小，所生产的产品性能欠佳，因此亟需建设产品性能好、具有一定规模的膨胀石墨厂。 通过工艺革新，采用细鳞片石墨替代大鳞片石墨为原料，降低了原料成本。此外，提出了氧化废酸的循环使用方案，该方案是环境保护和经济效益的集成。设计基于以细鳞片石墨为原料，在浓硫酸、浓硝酸及高锰酸钾存在下进行化学氧化的生产路线。工艺过程采用浓硫酸与浓硝酸的混合酸液对石墨进行酸化，在高锰酸钾存在下，在氧化反应釜中进行氧化插层，插层后的石墨经离心机脱酸、水洗、流态化干燥、然后在连续高温膨胀炉中膨化得到膨胀石墨产品。 以上研究成果从工艺和设备上论证了膨胀石墨中试生产的运行可靠行，对于化学氧化法生产细鳞片石墨工程应用具有重要价值。 关键词 膨胀石墨，氧化插层，生产工艺 ABSTRACT As a new carbon material for waste-water treatment chemicals, heating materials, sealing materials, and other fields to develop, expanded graphite has the rapid development of applications and research in the past 10 years. So a certain scale graphite factory with good products performance is needed for the demand of big market. Through technology innovation, as raw materials instead of large scale graphite, fine flake graphite reduce the cost of raw materials. In addition, cycling use waste acid programme which is the integration of environmental protection and economic efficiency is proposed. This design is the chemical oxidation of the production line based on small scale graphite as the main raw material in the condition of the concentrated sulphuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and potassium permanganate, Process is as follows: small scale graphite acidification with mixed acid, which is concentrated sulphuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. After acidification, small scale graphite reacts intercalation in the oxidation reactor, at the presence of potassium permanganate. After intercalation, the graphite is separated from the acid by centrifuge, washed and fluidized-dry, and the graphite is expanded in the continuous expansion of high-temperature furnace. The research results demonstrate that the production line of expanded graphite in the operation of pilot is feasible from the technology to equipment and the production of small scale graphite with chemical oxidation methods has great value. Key