4翻译方法.ppt

Translation Methods Teaching Contents I. Translation methods 1. Literal translation(直译) 2. Free translation （意译） II. Translation methods 1. Foreignizing method (异化) 2. Domesticating method（归化） Translation Method----Literal Translation 所谓直译（literal translation),是把一种语言所传达的内容和形式变换成另一种语言和形式的过程或结果。在翻译过程中，直译要求基本保持源语的表达形式及内容，不得更改，同时要求语言流畅易懂。直译强调“形似”，主张尽力将原文内容按原文的形式逐一翻译出来。 Literal Translation crocodile’s tears armed to the teeth chain reaction gentlemen’s agreement 纸老虎 一国两制 所谓意译（free translation）是指一种语言所表达的意义用另一种语言做释义性解释，在转换过程中不必过分拘泥于原文形式。意义强调“神似”，主张依照原文的意义，灵活机动地把原文意义创造性的表达出来。 1) Adam’s apple 2) at sixes and sevens 3) It rains cats and dogs (elephants and whales). 4) Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. 5) Do you see any green in my eye? 6) a nuclear family 7) It was an old and ragged moon. 8) Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 9) He is being a good boy now. 10) They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 11) Justice has long arms. 12) The talk about raising taxes was a red flag to many voters. 13) Will a duck swim? 14) And the shell burst into a million new copies. 15) She knew I knew and she knew if she got funny I’d either ruin the romance or make her marry him, so she was very friendly. 异化法（foreignizing method） 所谓异化法，是接受原文与译文的语言、文化等差异，忠实传达原文内容，把读者带入异国情景。该方法要求译者向原文作者靠拢，以源语文化为归宿，力争采取相应于源语的表达方式 。 　(1) Achilles’heel 　阿喀琉斯的脚后跟 　　　(喻:致命弱点) 　(2) Noah’s ark 　诺亚方舟 　　　(喻:避难所) 　(3) They were only crying crocodile tears at the old man’s funeral because nobody had really liked him. 　　在老头子的葬礼上,他们只不过挤了几滴鳄鱼的 眼泪,因为在老人生前,没人真的喜欢他。（猫哭老鼠） 　(4) When the host gave some pictures to them , they didn’t realize that they were receiving a modern Trojan horse : microphones and radio transmitters were hidden in the picture. 　　东道主向他们赠画时,他们并没有意识到他们是 在接受一具现代特洛伊木马:那画里暗藏着麦克风和 无线电发报机。（木马计, 内部颠覆者，敌方营垒里埋下伏兵里应外合的活动）  　　 归化法 与异化法相反，归化译法要求译者向译语读者靠拢，采取读者关照的态度，使原文符合译语的文化价值观，把原文作者带入译语文化之中。 as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗 Homer someti