2000 中国的国防.docVIP

2000年中国的国防Chinas National Defense in 2000中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室Information Office of the State Council Of the Peoples Republic of China二000年十月十六日北京October 16, 2000, Beijing目　　录Contents? ?前　　言Foreword一、安全形势I. The Security Situation二、国防政策II. National Defense Policy三、国防建设III. National Defense Construction　　　　武装力量体制Structure and Organization of the Armed Forces国防动员与国防教育Mobilization and Education国防费Defense Expenditure国防科技工业　　　 Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense边防建设Frontier Defense驻军澳门The Macao Garrison四、军队建设IV.??Armed Forces Building军事法制建设Military Legal System裁减军队员额Downsizing and Restructuring思想政治建设Ideological and Political Work军事训练Military Training后勤建设Logistics武器装备建设Weaponry and Equipment参加国家减灾救灾行动Disaster Relief五、国际安全合作V.??International Security Cooperation军事交往Military Exchanges地区安全合作Regional Security Cooperation建立信任措施Confidence-Building Measures参与联合国维持和平行动Participation in UN Peace-Keeping Operations六、军控与裁军VI.??Arms Control and Disarmament核武器和导弹防御问题Nuclear Weapons and Missile Defense化学武器和生物武器问题Chemical and Biological Weapons防止外空军备竞赛问题Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space杀伤人员地雷问题Anti-Personnel Landmines常规武器转让登记和小武器问题The UN Register of Conventional Arms and the Issue of Small ArmsForeword 世纪交替，千年更迭，人类社会的发展正在揭开新的篇章。 The turn of the century has opened a new chapter in the development of human society. 回首二十世纪，人类创造了前所未有的巨大物质和精神财富，同时也经历了两次世界大战、数百起局部战争以及近半个世纪的冷战，惨遭战争劫难和战争威胁之苦；中华民族历尽磨难，中国人民为国家独立、民族解放和民主自由进行了前仆后继的英勇奋斗，最终使国家走上现代化的发展道路。中国人民深知和平之弥足珍贵。 When we look back on the twentieth century we notice that mankind created enormous material and spiritual wealth never seen before. We also experienced two world wars, hundreds of local wars and the Cold War that lasted for nearly half a century, suffering tremendously from the scourge of wars or the menace of wars. The Chinese nation has gone through many hardships. The Chinese people have fought bravely for their national independence, liberation, democracy and fr