不同施肥条件下苜蓿产量、氮素累积量及肥料氮素利用率研究.pdfVIP

华北农学报 ·2014 ,29(6):220-225 doi:10.7668/ hbnxb.2014.06.037 不同施肥条件下苜蓿产量、氮素累积量及 肥料氮素利用率研究 韩思训,王　 森,高志岭,王殿武 (河北农业大学 资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定　 071001) 　 　 摘要:旨在探讨不同施肥条件对苜蓿干草产量、植株全氮含量、植株氮素累积动态以及肥料氮素利用率等指标的 影响。 采用田间小区试验方法,共设5 个处理:不施肥对照处理(CK)、单施化肥处理(CF)、化肥与牛粪混施处理 (DM1)、化肥与沼液混施处理(DT)和减量化肥与牛粪混施处理(DM2)。 结果表明,施用氮肥不仅可以增加苜蓿干物 质量和氮素累积量,而且由于大幅增加苜蓿刈割前期的干物质和氮素累积速率而可能缩短其刈割周期、增加年刈割 次数;多次刈割的综合结果证实在施用化学氮肥的基础上再增施有机肥仍存在增产的空间,但有机肥由于其活性氮 素含量低而不能完全替代化学氮肥。 在有机、无机配施情况下,化学氮肥的表观利用率为46.7% ~48.1%,腐熟牛粪 的氮素利用率为~9.1%,而沼液的氮素利用率为~13.8%,因此,苜蓿生产中有机肥的氮素利用率明显低于化学氮肥。 关键词:紫花苜蓿;有机无机肥混施;生物量;氮素累积量;肥料氮素利用率 中图分类号:S143.1　 　 文献标识码:A　 　 文章编号:1000-7091(2014)06-0220-06 Impact of N Application on the Yield of Alfalfa,N Accumulation and Nitrogen Use Efficiency HAN Si-xun,WANG Sen,GAOZhi-ling,WANG Dian-wu (College of Resources and Environmental Science,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding　 071001,China) Abstract:This study wasto evaluate the impact of N application on theyield of alfalfa(one of the majorfeed- stuffs),nitrogen(N)accumulation and N use efficiency with five treatments including CK,chemical N fertilization (CF),chemical N and cattle manure(DM1),chemical Nfertilizer and digestate(DT),reduced chemical N fertili- zation and cattle manure(DM2).Results showed that Nfertilization not only enhanced the yields and N accumula- tion of alfalfa,also might have apotential of reducingtheperiod amongtwo cuttingsand increasedthetotal cuttings during ayear;Meanwhile,applicationof organicmanureordigestatecanfurtherincreasedtheyieldbutitcannotre- place the chemical N fertilization.Furthermore,it was found that the N use efficiency of chemical N fertilizer was 46.7% -48.1%,9.1% for cattle manure and 13.8% for digestate,indicating the N use efficiency of organic fer- tilizer was lower than chemical Nf