柴油机螺旋进气道结构参数对气道性能影响及其优化设计.pdfVIP

摘 要 在内燃机中，进排气系统、燃料供给系统和燃烧室形状三者的相互配合是决定燃 烧过程优劣的关键。本文以内燃机进排气系统中的螺旋进气道为主要研究对象，重点 研究了螺旋进气道主要结构参数对气道性能的影响，并应用均匀设计方法对螺旋进气 道结构参数进行优化设计，具体内容如下： 在阅读大量相关文献的基础上，综述国内外内燃机进气道及缸内空气流动计算和 实验研究的情况，确定了开展螺旋进气道主要结构参数对气道性能影响的研究，并对 螺旋进气道主要结构参数进行优化设计。 应用UG 软件设计和改进螺旋进气道主要结构参数，应用FIRE 软件进行了不同 结构参数的螺旋进气道模型在不同气门升程下的气道——气门——气缸的三维数值 模拟，得到了气道——气门——气缸内空气流动的迹线图及速度分布图，计算出各个 升程下的流通系数和涡流比，并应用自己编写的程序计算平均流通系数和平均涡流 比。评价不同结构参数对气道性能的影响，提出了满足优化条件的不同结构参数的取 值范围。 采用均匀设计法设计螺旋进气道试验，用较少的试验准确分析出螺旋进气道主要 结构参数及其交互作用对气道性能的影响，提出了螺旋进气道优化设计的新方法。新 方法相对于以往的单因素多水平试验方案，大大减少了计算的工作量。 关键词：内燃机 螺旋进气道 结构参数 均匀设计 CFD I Abstract In internal combustion engine, the cooperation of the intake exhaust system, the fuel supply system and the shape of the combustion chamber are the keys for the quality of the combustion process. The main research work of this paper is to optimize the main structure parameters of the helical intake port, which is based on the Uniform Design Techniques UDT . The main contents are as following: On the base of reading a great deal of literature, the study status of the CFD, and the experimentation of the atmosphere in intake port and cylinder, in order to optimize the helical intake port, the research focus on the main structure parameters which have some effect on the performance of the helical intake port. The 3-D model of the helical intake port is drew by Unigraphics. The multi-dimensional CFD software, Fire, was employed in simulating the flow status of port-valve-cylinder in different valve lift, obtained the traces, the distributing pictures of the velocity, and calculated the discharge coefficient and the swirl ratio of different valve lift. The average discharge coefficient and the average swirl ratio is calculated by using my own software package. The different main structure parameters have some effect on the performance of the helical intake port are evaluate