80后女大学生就业状况与性别差异分析_杨慧.pdfVIP

2014 年5 月 妇女研究论丛 May. 2014 第3 期总第123 期 Collection of Women ’s Studies No.3 Ser.No.123 后女大学生就业状况与性别差异分析* 80 杨 慧 （ 全国妇联妇女研究所，北京100730） 关键词：80后女大学生；就业途径；就业质量；工作满意度 摘 要：运用第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据，对城镇80后女大学生的就业途径、就业质量和工作满意度进行分析发 现：80后女大学生就业率较低，性别差异较大。求职应聘是80后女大学生最主要的工作获得途径，就业性别歧视对80后女大 学生的就业途径造成了不利影响。虽然女大学生注重工作稳定，但是在就业性别歧视的影响下，80后女大学生的工作稳定性、 正式编制比例以及工作满意度都不同程度地低于同类男性，总体就业质量指数较低。即使是在党政机关/人民团体工作的80 后女大学生，其就业质量仍然低于同类男性。在全面深化改革过程中，政府及社会各界需要通过加强劳动力市场监管、消除就业 性别歧视，为女大学生公平就业创造良好的社会环境。 中图分类号：C913.2 文献标识：A 文章编号：1004-2563 （2014）03-0030-08 Gender Differences in the State of Female University Graduates Employment since the 1980s YANG Hui (Womens Studies Institute of China at All-China Womens Federation, Beijing 100730, China) Key words: female university graduates since the 1980s, pathways for employment, quality of employment and work satisfaction Abstract: This paper examines the pathways of employment, the quality of employment and work satisfaction of female university graduates since the 1980s based on the 3rd National Survey on the Status of Women in China. It has found that these graduates have a lower rate of employment and a gender-based difference compared to their male counterparts. Seeking job in markets was a main pathway for employment. Gender discrimination in the job markets has been a negative influence on these womens employment. Their employment security, rate of their full time status and their work satisfaction are generally lower than their male counterparts. Even those female university graduates who work for t