论我国破产法适用范围.pdf

摘 要 我国现行破产法只适用于企业法人破产的规定,已不足以解决我国实践中大 量债务不能清偿的问题。在现实生活中，个人商行为的日益增多，社会消费信贷 行为大量出现，众多的不是法人的企业组织，如合伙企业、个人独资企业、个人 合伙、个体工商户、农村承包经营户等经营实体日渐成为市场重要组成部分，这 些企业及个人在与第三人进行经济交往过程中所出现的不能清偿债务的可能性将 会越来越多，给整个社会的市场经济秩序稳定和协调运行造成影响。如果把非法 人组织及自然人排除在破产法适用范围之外，在其不能清偿债务时，将不可避免 地会影响债权人的公平受偿利益和社会整体利益的平衡。建立完善的破产机制， 适用于企业法人、非法人组织和自然人等一切市场经营主体，易于债务清理，可 以更充分有效地保护债权人的利益和社会利益，亦有利于其在平等条件下展开竞 争，在破产法功能模式定位于债权保护型以后，扩大破产法的适用范围至非法人 组织和自然人的要求显得尤为迫切。日前，我国新破产法已经人大审议通过。笔 者认为：新破产法在根据我国实际情况设计灵活多样的程序制度的同时,新的破产 法适用范围应该扩大，应当适用于自然人、企业法人、非法人企业以及一切市场 经营主体。 关键词: 破产法 适用范围（破产能力） 制度设计 I ABSTRACT The bankrupt law in our country is only applied for the bankruptcy of business corporation. But many problems about redemptions of debt may not be solved completely according to the bankrupt law in practice. In our daily life, we can find more individual business and consumer credit behaviors. Numerous no corporate enterprise associations become the important part in the market gradually, such as partnership, individual proprietorship, individual partnership, small industrial or commercial businesses, lease holding rural household and all management entities. But more and more problems about consumer credit behaviors can be found when these enterprises and individuals intercourse with the third part in the business actions, and this will influence the stabilization and harmony of market economy order. If no corporate associations and individuals are excluded from the sphere of application of bankrupt law, they will influence the balance between the just accepted interest of the creditors and social collective interest. If the perfect bankrupt law is established, which can be the same with all market management business corporations, no corporate associations and individuals, it is easy to solve the problem about redemptions of debt. The interest of the credi