二语习得(L4正).ppt

Lesson Four Contextual variation in language-learner language Tasks: 1 writing a paper on the topic A comparison between two levels of written English of students in Nantong University Qs for Unit Four 1.What are the types of variability in language-learner language? 2.What are the main points of systematic variability ? 3.What are the main points of non- systematic variability ? 4.What are the main points of contextual variability ? 5.What are the main points of free variability ? 6.What style is ‘basic’ for our understanding of language –learner language? Why? 7.What are the best data to use in describing interlanguage? 8.How can the variable nature of the learner’s interlanguage be accurately described? 9.What is the role of contextual variability in SLA? 10.What is the role of free variability in SLA? What is variability? Language users (including language learners) vary in the use they make of their linguistic knowledge. This variability can be unsystematic (i.e. haphazard) or systematic (two or more linguistic forms function as variants, which are used predictably according to the context). 系统变异举例 情境变异：在正式场合与非正式场合 He plays basketball.(正式场合) He play_ basketball. (非正式场合) 上下文语境变异：随上下文语境变化 Mr. Smith lives in London. (context A) Mr. Smith who live_ in London married my sister. (context B) 1.What are the types of variability in language-learner language? Types of variability in language-learner language: Individual vari (i.e. product of individual Learner factors) Systematic Variability linguistic context Contextual variability situational Variabilit