表面活性剂在滇池水体中的生物降解.pdfVIP

J. Lake Sci.(湖泊科学), 2008, 20(1): 51-57 . E-mail: jlakes@ ©2008 by Journal of Lake Sciencesa 表面活性剂在滇池水体中的生物降解∗ 王 智 1,2, 吴幸强 1,2, 肖邦定 1**, 涂新海 1,2 (1: 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 武汉 430072) (2: 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049) 摘 要: 利用河水衰减法研究阴离子表面活性剂(LAS)和非离子表面活性剂(NIS)在滇池水体中不同条件下的生物降解规律 . 结果表明 : 在滇池自然水体中, LAS 和 NIS 均能生物降解, 在试验时间(30d) 内, LAS 的降解率达 95%以上, NIS 的降解率达 92% 以上, 其降解动力学遵从二级动力模型. 改变水温、表面活性剂初始浓度、pH 值以及添加营养物质(葡萄糖或磷酸氢二钠)均 对 LAS 和 NIS 的降解有一定的影响. 水温对表面活性剂生物降解影响最大, 当水温从 20 ℃增至 30℃时, LAS 的降解速率从 0.73 d-1 增至 2.10d-1, NIS 降解半衰期从 11.5d 减至 4.4d; 表面活性剂初始浓度增加, 降解半衰期有所增加; 表面活性剂在 pH 7 时的降解性能略优于 pH 10 时的降解性能; 添加葡萄糖抑制 LAS 和 NIS 的降解, 而添加磷源磷酸氢二钠对其降解有一定的促 进作用; 曝气能促进 LAS 的降解, 但对 NIS 降解的促进作用并不明显. 关键词: LAS; NIS; 生物降解; 降解动力学; 滇池 Biodegradation of surfactants activators in water of Lake Dianchi WANG Zhi1,2, WU Xingqiang1,2, XIAO Bangding1 TU Xinhai1,2 (1: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China) (2: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China) Abstract: Biodegradation of anion-surfactant (LAS) and non-ion surfactant (NIS) in water of Lake Dianchi under the different incubation conditions were studied by the ‘river die-away’ method in this paper. The results showed that LAS and NIS could be biodegradated by microorganisms in the water of Lake Dianchi. The percentages of degradation of LAS and NIS were more than 95% and 92% after 30 days respectively. The biodegradation of LAS and NIS fitted the second kinetic model and the correlation coefficient values were among 0.956 to 0.999. Incubation temperature, initial concentrations of surfactants, pH value and nutrients (glucose or Na HPO ) could affect the 2 4 biodegradation of LAS and NIS, Incubation temperature was the major factor infl