unit1 《Women of achievement-grammar》素材26（新人教版必修4）.docVIP

Unit1 Women of achievement-grammar素材 GRAMMAR GUIDE 英语中的主谓一致 【寻规找矩】 请观察下列每组句子，特别要注意其中谓语动词的单复数形式。 1. a. The teacher and writer is respected by all the people. b. The teacher and the writer are respected by all the people. 2. a. Physics is a difficult subject. b. The young couple are always quarreling with each other over money. 3. a. Either you or I am wrong. b. Not only his friends, but also he himself is looking forward to the meeting. 4. a. Ann with her son and her daughter was in New York in 2004. b. You, rather than your sister, are to be invited to the party. 5. a. Playing basketball is good for your health. b. That our teacher is going to leave us makes us disappointed. 6. a. Someone is calling for you on the phone. b. Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 7. a. Those who are against the plan can leave. b. Anyone who is interested in the plan can go with us. 8. a. Between the two countries lie five big lakes. b. At the foot of the hill is a primary school. 9. a. The police keep the city in good order. b. The cattle have eaten up all the grass here and have to move to another place. 10. a. The family is going to hold a party on Christmas Eve. b. The family have different opinions about their going abroad. 11. a. Nearly 80% of the university students have part-time jobs. b. Two thirds of the work hasn’t been finished yet. 12. a. Three thousand kilometers is a long distance. b. Two months is long enough for us to solve the problem. 【功能小结】 英语中，句子的主语和谓语在人称与数上应保持一致，即主谓一致。通过观察分析以上12组句子，我们可以发现与之相对应的12条主谓一致的原则。 1. and连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。若and连接的两部分指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词则常用单数形式； 2. 意义一致原则，即谓语动词形式取决于主语的意义； 3. 就近一致原则，它是指or， either ... or， neither ... nor， not only ... but also， not ... but，there be ... 等连接并列主语时，谓语动词常和最靠近它的主语保持一致； 4. 主语后有“with, along with, together with, including, but, except, like, as well as, besides, rather than + 名词”等作修饰语时，谓语动词仍和前面的主语保持一致； 5. 单个的不定式、动词 -ing形式或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数； 6. 不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数； 7. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代