《Unit1 grammar》课件十七（24张PPT）（人教版选修7）.pptVIP

动词不定式的句法功能 To have an ice cream is cool. I want to see you this evening. All you should do now is to remember today’s lesson. I want a pen to write with. He lowered his head to sleep. He asked his partner not to copy the homework. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 想一想 动词不定式的时态 He pretends to be ill to sleep in class. 一般式( to do ) He pretends to be listening when asked. 进行式( to be doing) 不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。 如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。 He pretends to have understood the lesson. 完成式（to have done) 表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前。 重点! Remember them! 一、-ing形式与不定式的区别 不定式一般表示某个一次性的、具体的、未做的动作；而-ing形式则表示习惯的（泛指的）动作或一件已知的事或经验。 Getting up early is a good habit. To finish the work in a week is impossible. 二、不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 但在下列句型中常用-ing形式作主语。 It is impossible to finish the work in a week. It is/was not any use/good of little use/good useless +doing sth. no use/good 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is of little good staying up too late every day. 注意 1)有些动词要求只接不定式作宾语： hope wish want agree promise demand ask refuse manage learn decide pretend choose fail dare offer help 三个希望两答应 两个要求莫拒绝 做到学会作决定 不要假装在选择 没敢提出来帮助 三、不定式和ing形式作宾语的区别 2)有些动词只接ing作宾语,常见的有： resist、 object to、delay、 look forward to 、 enjoy ； mind、 imagine、 practise、suggest、appreciate. 抗议推迟盼喜报， 心想练成荐欣赏 Bear them in your mind! 四、不带to的不定式作宾补 三使 let make have 二听 listen to hear 一感: feel 四看 watch see observe notice I heard them sing a pop song . The teacher made me answer the question. We watched them play football . 如果上述结构变为被动语态,不定式就由原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,此时动词(let, have无被动语态)后原来不带to的不定式要加to。 如: He was seen to go upstairs. He was made to do his work . Be careful! 五、介词except/ but 之后接不定式时，如果介词前有实意动词do的各种形式则except/ but 后接不带to 的不定式；反之，如果except/ but前没有实意动词do，则不定式带to 。 Cai has no choice but to do the homework. Cai does nothing but sleep every day. 六、 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名