厚钢板焊接热影响区失效机理分析和改善方法研究.pdfVIP

厚钢板焊接热影响区失效机理分析及改善方法研究 祝 凯 杨 健 王睿之 沈建国 （宝钢股份研究院，上海 201900 ） 摘 要 本文进行了厚钢板大线能量焊接后热影响区（HAZ ）失效机理分析，以及利用微细夹杂物改善HAZ 性能的 研究。明确了粗晶热影响区脆化是由于晶粒粗大及不良组织而引起，粗大的奥氏体晶粒是焊接热影响区韧性恶化的 主要原因。抑制焊接 HAZ 晶粒长大是改善厚钢板可焊性的关键因素。用真空感应炉分别冶炼了不同成分的钢，研 究 Mg 对低碳钢 HAZ 性能的影响。结果表明含 Mg 钢 HAZ 的低温韧性较比不含Mg 钢有较大幅度提高。通过激光 高温显微镜原位观察发现，含 Mg 钢在 1400℃保温300 秒后奥氏体晶粒仍然保持着细小的结构，这主要归功于 Mg 添加后生成的细小粒子所产生的钉扎作用，该发现为改善厚板 HAZ 韧性提供了一种方法。 关键词 低碳钢 热影响区 失效分析 钉扎机制 Thick Plate Welding Heat Affected Zone Failure Mechanism Analysis and Improvement Method Research Zhu Kai Yang Jian Wang Ruizhi Shen Jianguo ( RD Center, Baoshan Iron Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201900) Abstract This article has conducted the thick plate heat affected zone (HAZ) failure mechanism analysis, and the use of small inclusion improve performance of research. To study the effect of Mg addition on inhibiting austenite grain growth of Ti-bearing low carbon steels, two steels with different Mg contents were prepared using a laboratory vacuum. The performance of HAZ under weld thermal simulations was investigated. The HAZ toughness was improved evidently. It was found through in-situ observation by a confocal scanning laser microscope that the austenite grain size in the HAZ of steel with Mg addition was still with fine-grained structure after undergoing 1400℃ heating for 300s. This inhibition of austenite grain growth was mainly attributed to the formation of pinning particles after the addition of Mg. The obtained results propose a potential method for improving HAZ toughness of structure steels. Key words low carbon steels, heat affected zone, failure mechanism analysis, pinning mechanism 1 引言 结构钢广泛应用于工业、能源、市政等工程项目，如造船、车辆、石油压力容器、高层建筑、桥梁等领 域。近