基于成本分解法和机会成本法的影子水价计算.pdfVIP

( ) 安徽农业科学 ,Journal of Anhui Agri . Sci . 2008 ,36 25 :10732 - 10733 ,10755 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　责任编辑 　王淼 　责任校对 　傅真治 基于成本分解法和机会成本法的影子水价计算 (黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 ,河南郑州 450003) 侯晓明　 摘要　解释了影子水价的内涵 ,概括了计算影子水价的几种方法 ,用其中的成本分解法和机会成本法测算淠史杭灌区的影子水价 ,并将 它们和现行水价做比较 ,结果表明,灌区是严重亏损经营的,灌区影子水价远远高于实际供水价格 ,在充分考虑农民可承受能力的情况 下可适当提高水价 , 以缓解这种局面 。 关键词　现行水价;影子水价;成本分解法;机会成本法 ( ) 中图分类号　F 019 . 1 　　文献标识码　A 　　文章编号　0517 - 6611 2008 25 - 10732 - 02 Calculation of Shadow Water Price Based on Cost Decomposition Method and Opportunity Cost Method HOU Xiaoming 　 ( Yellow River Engineering Consulting Limited Company , Zhengzhou , Henan 450003) Abstract 　The connotation of shadow water price was explained and several kinds of methods for calculating shadow water price were summarized . The shadow water price in Pishihang Irrigation District was measured by using the cost decomposition method and opportunity cost method and they were com pared with the current water price . The results showed that this irrigation area suffered heavy losses. The shadow water price in this irrigation area was greatly higher than the practical water supply price . Under the conditions of fully considering the bearing capacity of peasants , water price could be en hanced properly to alleviate the situations. Key words 　Current water price ; Shadow water price ; Cost decomposition method ; Opportunity cost method 　　影子水价即水的影子价格 ,影子价格又称最优计划价 1. 2 　机会成本法 　机会成本是指建设项目需占用某种有限 格或效率价格 ,是指在有限资源或产品在最优分配、合理利 资源时 ,就要减少这种资源用于其他用途的边际效益 。在市 用的条件下 ,对社会 目标的边际贡献或边际效益[ 1] 。由20 场经济条件下 ,产品的边际效益也就是产品的影子价格 , 因 ( ) [4 ] 世纪 50 年代荷兰经济学家詹恩 ·丁伯根 Jan Tinbergen 和前 此可以用机会成本法来计算水的影