论语用学原理对翻译对等论的解释功能.pdfVIP

2003 年第 4 期 ( ) 《外国语言文学》季刊 ( 总第 78 期) 论语用学原理对翻译对等论的解释功能 周红民 (株洲工学院外语系 , 湖南 　株洲 　412008) 〔摘 　要〕对比语用学的研究范围和翻译对等论所探讨的内容 , 可以发现它们在“符号与解释者的关 系”这一语用学基本命题内形成渊源关系 , 因此语用学可以用来检验对等论的合理性、可行性。本文运用 语用学中的前提概念 , 言语行为理论、含意理论来划分对等的两个层次 : 信息对等、效果对等。前者是在 译文中提供话语前提为译语读者提供背景信息 , 得到与原语读者相当的信息量 , 但并未产生与原语读者相 当的效果。后者则是通过转换原文中的含意来实现某种言语行为而取得的 , 这样会失去与原文同等的信息 量即前提。由此推断 , 要同时实现信息和效果对等 , 特别是在文学文本中是根本不可能的。 〔关键词〕语用学原理 ; 对等论 ; 信息对等 ; 效果对等 ; 合理性 〔Abstract 〕Since the signinterpreter relation constitutes a pivotal element of both pragmatics and the equivalence the ory of translation , a conceptual affinity exists between the two which makes it possible to rethink the latter’s adequacy from the former ’s point of view. Within a pragmatic framework , a distinction could be made between information - related equiv alence and effect - related equivalence. The provision of presuppositional information in TT promises the realization of an in formation - related equivalence , yet this equivalence is achieved only at the expense of the other equivalence , i. e. , the ef fect similarly experienced by both ST and TT readers. The transfer of implicatures from ST to TT may help to produce similar effects among the two groups of readers involved , yet the effect - based equivalence is achieved only at the cost of an infor mation - based equivalence. Simultaneous realization of the two types of equivalence is an impossibility. 〔Key words 〕pragmatic principles ; equivale