毕业设计（论文）-ZQ-100型钻杆动力钳背钳设计.doc

摘要 在人类的机械创新的不断进步，使机械代替了人。以前在油田修井时或者下油管时，管与管连接时是用管钳来上扣和卸扣，现在使用这种液压钳，就给人类带来很多方便，使工作效率和安全系数提高，也减少了很多井口的工作人员，因此这是油田经常使用的卸管工具。针对修井作业中人力上卸抽油杆螺纹效率低,劳动强度大,又不能保证不同规格抽油杆所要求的上扣扭矩等问题,研制了ZQ-100型液压抽油杆钳,这种抽油杆钳由主钳,手动换向阀,液压马达,底钳,弹簧吊筒和调节弹簧等组成,在设计中省掉了转速换挡机构,同时通过改变制动板上压簧螺栓的结构,解决了制动板减薄时颚板滚子爬坡力量不足这一技术难题，介绍了这种抽油杆钳的工作原理。目前，国外钻杆动力钳的种类很多，而且产品性能及质量都相对稳定，特别是他们产品的体积与输出扭矩不会成比例变化，即使动力钳输出扭矩相当大时，其产品的体积也不会增加多少，因而适用于现场需要。而国内产品还处在研发和改进阶段，产品性能及质量都有待进一步提高，国内产品的体积和重量都随输出扭矩的增大而增大，从而导致无法适用于某些大型钻管。近10年来，中国国内生产 Abstract In recent years, with continued rapid growth of our national economy, petroleum volume of consumption of our country increase year by year. The rank has already exceeded Japan, has become the second largest petroleum following U.S.A. and consumed the country. On being pole required to pump oil, pump the oil pole pincers after developing the hydraulic pressure of Model ZQ-100, this kind pumps the oil pole pincers by the main pincers , the manual reversing valve, hydraulic motor, bottom pincers , the spring hangs tube and regulates spring ,etc. to make up , save rotational speed shift gears organization , at the same time through change , apply the brake board pigeonhole reed structure of bolt in design, solve , apply the brake board jaw board roll sub climbing strength insufficient technological difficult problem this reduce thin ,, recommend this kind pump oil pole operation principle of pincers! Main technical parameter and experimental situation in the room, employ the result to indicate live, adopt Model ZQ-100 hydraulic pressure pump oil pole pincers can reduce , release oil pole take off number of times of spiking greatly, improve and build the quality of the well and build the pace of the well. Let out difficult to avoid and fluid have a sure one but compression, so, transmission than unable and invariable, suitable for transmission than requiring strict occasion. Energy caused to leak lose, hydraulic transmission main energy is lost, in addition resistance and machinery that fluid rece